bocht
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɔxt/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: bocht
- Rhymes: -ɔxt
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch bocht, from Old Dutch *buht, from Proto-Germanic *buhtiz. Related to buigen.
Noun
bocht f or m (plural bochten, diminutive bochtje n)
- a bend, curve, inflection, something not straight
- a twist, change
- a bight, broad curvature of a coastline, bay
Derived terms
- bochtenwerk
- bochtig
- haarspeldbocht
- rivierbocht
Descendants
- Berbice Creole Dutch: boktu
- → Papiamentu: bògt
- → Sranan Tongo: boktu
- → Aukan: bokutu
- → Caribbean Javanese: boktu
Etymology 2
From Middle Dutch bocht, becht, bacht (“garbage, dung, shit”), possibly from Proto-West Germanic *buggjan (“to buy”), though this is at odds with the last two forms.[1]
Noun
bocht m or n (uncountable)
- (now Belgium) junk, rubbish
- junk, booze, moonshine
- (Netherlands) disgusting drink, trash, rubbish
- Hij zei dat de bocht die hij ons gaf whiskey was, maar het smaakte er niet naar.
- He said that the foul drink he gave us was whiskey, but it didn't taste like it.
References
- van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “bocht2”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish bocht (“poor”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bˠɔxt̪ˠ/
Adjective
bocht (genitive singular masculine boicht, genitive singular feminine boichte, plural bochta, comparative boichte)
- poor (of circumstances, of quality, condition, expressing pity, sympathy, expressing dislike, contempt)
- stingy
Declension
Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
Nominative | bocht | bhocht | bochta; bhochta² | |
Vocative | bhoicht | bochta | ||
Genitive | boichte | bochta | bocht | |
Dative | bocht; bhocht¹ | bhocht; bhoicht (archaic) | bochta; bhochta² | |
Comparative | níos boichte | |||
Superlative | is boichte |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Synonyms
- daibhir
- dealbh
Derived terms
- béal bocht
- bochtaineacht
Noun
bocht m (genitive singular boicht, nominative plural boicht or bochta)
- poor person
Declension
First declension
Bare forms:
| Forms with the definite article:
|
- Alternative nominative plural: bochta
Synonyms
- daibhir
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bocht | bhocht | mbocht |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. II, p. 47.
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “bocht”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 18
Old Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /boxt/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Celtic *boxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰogtós, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-.
Adjective
bocht
- poor
- (Christianity) of one who has taken a vow of poverty
Inflection
o/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | bocht | bocht | bocht |
Vocative | boicht* bocht** | ||
Accusative | bocht | boicht | |
Genitive | boicht | boichte | boicht |
Dative | bocht | boicht | bocht |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | boicht | bochta | |
Vocative | bochtu bochta† | ||
Accusative | bochtu bochta† | ||
Genitive | bocht | ||
Dative | bochtaib | ||
Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative |
Descendants
- Irish: bocht
- Manx: boght
- Scottish Gaelic: bochd
Noun
bocht m or f
- poor person, pauper
- the poor (in a collective sense)
Inflection
As a masculine noun:
Masculine o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | bocht | bochtL | boichtL |
Vocative | boicht | bochtL | bochtuH |
Accusative | bochtN | bochtL | bochtuH |
Genitive | boichtL | bocht | bochtN |
Dative | bochtL | bochtaib | bochtaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
As a feminine noun:
Feminine ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | bochtL | boichtL | bochtaH |
Vocative | bochtL | boichtL | bochtaH |
Accusative | boichtN | boichtL | bochtaH |
Genitive | boichteH | bochtL | bochtN |
Dative | boichtL | bochtaib | bochtaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants
- Manx: boght
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
·bocht
- passive singular preterite of boingid
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
bocht | bocht pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ | mbocht |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |