boc

See also: BOC, BoC, bòc, BÖC, bọc, boç, boć, Boć, and bŏć

Catalan

Etymology

Pre-Roman, possibly from Old High German boc, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuǵ-.

Pronunciation

(Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈbok/

Noun

boc m (plural bocs)

buck (male goat)

Synonyms

cabró

Derived terms

boc expiatori
boquet

French

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bɔk/
Audio (file)

Noun

boc m (plural bocs)

(Norman dialect) type of horse-drawn carriage

Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish boc (“he-goat”) (compare modern poc), probably cognate with Old English bucca.

Noun

boc m (genitive singular boic, nominative plural boic)

buck, playboy

Declension

Declension of boc

First declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	boc	boic
Vocative	a bhoic	a bhoca
Genitive	boic	boc
Dative	boc	boic

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an boc	na boic
Genitive	an bhoic	na mboc
Dative	leis an mboc don bhoc	leis na boic

Derived terms

boc mór
boc seó

Etymology 2

Compare poc (“butt (as from a goat), hurling-stroke”).

Noun

boc m (genitive singular boic)

(of ball) bounce

Declension

Declension of boc

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case	Singular
Nominative	boc
Vocative	a bhoic
Genitive	boic
Dative	boc

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular
Nominative	an boc
Genitive	an bhoic
Dative	leis an mboc don bhoc

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
boc	bhoc	mboc
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch buc, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz.

Noun

boc m

buck, male goat

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Alternative forms

buc

Descendants

Dutch: bok (see there for further descendants)
Limburgish: bók
West Flemish: buk

Middle English

Noun

boc

Alternative form of bok

Old English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /boːk/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *bōks, whence also Old Frisian bōk (West Frisian boek), Old Saxon bōk (Low German Book), Dutch boek, Old High German buoh (German Buch), Old Norse bók (Danish bog, Norwegian bok), Swedish bok), Gothic 𐌱𐍉𐌺𐌰 (bōka). The Germanic root is often taken to be related to the word for beech, the wood of rune-tablets.

Alternative forms

bœ̄c

Noun

bōc f

book

Declension

Declension of boc (strong consonant stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	bōc	bēċ
accusative	bōc	bēċ
genitive	bēċ, bōce	bōca
dative	bēċ	bōcum

Derived terms

ǣbōc (“lawbook”)
bōchūs (“library”)
bōclīċ (“booklike, bookly”)
bōcstæf (“letter”)
dōmbōc (“lawbook”)
rīmbōc (“calendar”)
ġerīmbōc (“calendar”)
handbōc (“handbook, manual”)
landbōc (“charter”)
lǣcebōc (“medicine/recipe book”)
nambōc (“register”)
*wordbōc (“dictionary”)

Descendants

Middle English: bok, boc, boke, book, booke, buk, buke
- English: book (see there for further descendants)
  - Northumbrian: beuk
- Scots: buik, beuk, buke, beuck
- Yola: buke

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *bōkō.

Noun

bōc f

beech
Synonyms: bōctrēow, bēċe

Declension

Declension of boc (strong ō-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	bōc	bōca, bōce
accusative	bōce	bōca, bōce
genitive	bōce	bōca
dative	bōce	bōcum

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *bukk, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz, whence also Old English buc, Old Norse bukkr; from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuǵ- (“ram”).

Noun

boc m

buck (male deer)

Descendants

German: Bock

Old Irish

Alternative forms

bocc

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *bukkos.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [bok]

Noun

boc m (genitive buic, nominative plural buic)

he-goat
- c. 850-875, Turin Glosses and Scholia on St Mark, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 484–94, Tur. 110c
  Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑ái fon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.
  It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let go to the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	boc, bocc	boc^L, bocc	buic(c)^L
Vocative	buic(c)	boc^L, bocc	buccu^H
Accusative	boc^N, bocc	boc^L, bocc	buccu^H
Genitive	buic(c)^L	boc, bocc	boc^N, bocc
Dative	buc(c)^L	bocaib	bocaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: ^H = triggers aspiration ^L = triggers lenition ^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

Irish: boc
Scottish Gaelic: boc

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
boc	boc pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/	mboc
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Saxon

Noun

boc f

Alternative spelling of bok

Romanian

Etymology

Unknown.

Noun

boc n (plural bocuri)

sound of a hammer

Declension

Declension of boc

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) boc	bocul	(niște) bocuri	bocurile
genitive/dative	(unui) boc	bocului	(unor) bocuri	bocurilor
vocative	bocule		bocurilor

References

boc in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pɔxk/

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish boc, from Old Irish boc, poc(c) (“he-goat”), from Proto-Celtic *bukkos.

Noun

boc m (genitive singular buic, plural buic)

buck, roebuck
billygoat, male goat

Derived terms

bocan (“small buck”)
boc-Bealltainn (“wild or unmanageable entire horse”)
boc-caol, boc-earba, boc-ruadh, boc-seang, fear-boc (“roebuck”)
boc-cluigeineach (“bell-wether”)
boc-dheamhan (“satyr”)
boc-dubh Innseanach (“Indian blackbuck”)
boc glas (“large dogfish; shark”)
boc-gobhair, boc-goibhre (“he-goat, billy goat”)
boc-goibhre (“he-goat”)
boc-maighich (“buck-hare”)
boc-roin (“prawn; shrimp”)
boc-saic (“snipe”)
laos-boc (“castrated goat, wether goat”)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

boc (past bhoc, future bocaidh, verbal noun bocadh, past participle bocte)

bounce, leap/jump (up and down), skip
prance
flutter

Derived terms

boc-thonn (“breaker (wave)”)

Noun

boc m

deceit, fraud
blow, box, stroke

References

Edward Dwelly (1911), “boc”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN

boc

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Further reading

French

Pronunciation

Noun

Irish

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun

Declension

Mutation

Middle Dutch

Etymology

Noun

Inflection

Alternative forms

Descendants

Further reading

Middle English

Noun

Old English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Noun

Declension

Old High German

Etymology

Noun

Descendants

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Descendants

Mutation

Further reading

Old Saxon

Noun

Romanian

Etymology

Noun

Declension

References

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

Derived terms

Noun

References