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单词 blind
释义

blind

See also: Blind

English

Alternative forms

  • (archaic) blinde

Etymology

From Middle English blynd, from Old English blind, from Proto-West Germanic *blind, from Proto-Germanic *blindaz.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /blaɪnd/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɪnd

Adjective

blind (comparative blinder, superlative blindest)

  1. (not comparable) Unable to see, due to physiological or neurological factors.
    Synonym: sightless
    Antonyms: seeing, sighted
    Even a blind hen sometimes finds a grain of corn.
    Braille is a writing system for the blind.
    his blind eye
    • c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene i]:
      He that is strucken blind cannot forget / The precious treasure of his eyesight lost.
    • 1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, OCLC 702939134:
      He was plainly blind, for he tapped before him with a stick, and wore a great green shade over his eyes and nose...
  2. (comparable) Failing to see, acknowledge, perceive.
    The lovers were blind to each other's faults.
    Authors are blind to their own defects.
  3. (not comparable) Of a place, having little or no visibility.
    a blind path
    a blind ditch
    a blind corner
    • 1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], H[enry] Lawes, editor, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, OCLC 228715864; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, OCLC 1113942837:
      the blind mazes of this tangled wood
  4. (not comparable) Closed at one end; having a dead end; exitless.
    a blind alley
    a blind fistula
    a blind gut
    • 1898, Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society (page 498)
      The naric-hypophysial canal was blind at both ends, and paired olfactory sacs opened into it, as well as a narrow canal from the front of the gut.
    • 1914, James Joyce, Araby:
      North Richmond street, being blind, was a quiet street except at the hour when the Christian Brothers' School set the boys free.
  5. (not comparable) Having no openings for light or passage; both dark and exitless.
    a blind wall
    a blind alley
  6. (in certain phrases, chiefly in the negative) Smallest or slightest.
    I shouted, but he didn't take a blind bit of notice.
    We pulled and pulled, but it didn't make a blind bit of difference.
  7. (not comparable) Without any prior knowledge.
    He took a blind guess at which fork in the road would take him to the airport.
    I went into the meeting totally blind, so I really didn't have a clue what I was talking about.
  8. (not comparable) Unconditional; without regard to evidence, logic, reality, accidental mistakes, extenuating circumstances, etc.
    blind deference
    blind justice
    blind punishment
    • 1787–1788, John Jay, The Federalist Papers
      This plan is recommended neither to blind approbation nor to blind reprobation.
  9. (sciences) Using blinded study design, wherein information is purposely limited to prevent bias.
    a blind trial
  10. Unintelligible or illegible.
    a blind passage in a book; blind writing
  11. (horticulture) Abortive; failing to produce flowers or fruit.
    blind buds
    blind flowers
  12. (LGBT, slang) Uncircumcised[1]

Derived terms

Terms derived from blind (adjective)
  • are you blind
  • blind abscess
  • blind alley
  • blind as a bat
  • blind as a beetle
  • blind as an owl
  • blind axle
  • blind bit
  • blind boil
  • blind box
  • blind carbon copy
  • blind coal
  • blind-copy
  • blind curve
  • blind date
  • blind drunk (See also Thesaurus:drunk)
  • blind envelope
  • blind ecash
  • blind-fly
  • Blind Freddy
  • blind grass
  • blind gut
  • blind hockey
  • blind hole
  • Blind Hookey
  • blind item
  • blind lantern
  • blind level
  • blind map
  • blind massage
  • blind mole-rat
  • blind nailing
  • blind passenger
  • blind pig
  • blind pool
  • blind quote
  • blind rage
  • blind reader
  • blind scouse
  • blind shell
  • blind snake
  • blind spot
  • blind stamp
  • blind stitch
  • blind summit
  • Blind Swine Mate
  • the blind leading the blind
  • blind tiger
  • blind thrust fault
  • blind trust
  • blind typewriter
  • blinders
  • blindfish
  • blindfold
  • blindism
  • blindly
  • blindman's buff
  • blinds
  • blindside
  • blindworm
  • colour-blind / color-blind
  • deafblind
  • double-blind
  • even a blind pig can find an acorn once in a while
  • even a blind squirrel can find a nut once in a while
  • face-blind
  • gender blind
  • go it blind
  • gravel-blind
  • green-blind
  • I see, said the blind man
  • in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king
  • inattentionally blind
  • justice is blind
  • love is blind
  • moon-blind
  • night-blind
  • nose-blind
  • perceptually blind
  • purblind
  • race-blind
  • rob somebody blind
  • sand-blind
  • single-blind
  • snow-blind
  • star-blind
  • stereoblind
  • stone-blind
  • there are none so blind as those who will not see
  • triple-blind
  • turn a blind eye
  • word-blind

Translations

See also

  • invisible (unable to be seen)
  • anosmic
  • deaf
  • print disabled

Noun

blind (plural blinds)

A destination blind (sense 2) on the side of a London bus
  1. A movable covering for a window to keep out light, made of cloth or of narrow slats that can block light or allow it to pass.
    Hyponyms: roller blind, Venetian blind
    • 1941 June, “Notes and News: The Derelict Glyn Valley Tramway”, in Railway Magazine, page 279:
      A blind bearing the monogram G.V.T. is pulled down over the waiting room window as if still in mourning for the passing of the railway.
    • 1956, Delano Ames, chapter 12, in Crime out of Mind‎:
      Light filtered in through the blinds of the french windows. It made tremulous stripes along the scrubbed pine floor.
  2. A destination sign mounted on a public transport vehicle displaying the route destination, number, name and/or via points, etc.
  3. Any device intended to conceal or hide.
    a duck blind
  4. Something to mislead the eye or the understanding, or to conceal some covert deed or design; a subterfuge.
  5. (military) A blindage.
  6. A hiding place.
    • 1697, Virgil, “The Fourth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 403869432:
      So, when the watchful shepherd, from the blind,
      Wounds with a random shaft the careless hind
  7. (rugby, colloquial) The blindside.
  8. (baseball, slang, 1800s) No score.
  9. (poker) A forced bet: the small blind or the big blind.
    The blinds are $10 and $20, and the ante is $1.
  10. (poker) A player who is forced to pay such a bet.
    The blinds immediately folded when I reraised.

Synonyms

  • (destination sign): rollsign (mainly US)

Derived terms

  • big blind
  • blinders
  • small blind
  • Venetian blind
  • blind map

Translations

See also

  • curtain
  • jalousie

Verb

blind (third-person singular simple present blinds, present participle blinding, simple past and past participle blinded)

  1. (transitive) To make temporarily or permanently blind.
    The light was so bright that for a moment he was blinded.
    Don't wave that pencil in my face - do you want to blind me?
    • May 9, 1686 (date of preaching), Robert South, The Fatal Imposture and Force of Words (sermon)
      A blind guide is certainly a great mischief; but a guide that blinds those whom he should lead is […] a much greater.
  2. (slang, obsolete) To curse.
    • 1890, Rudyard Kipling, The Young British Soldier
      If you're cast for fatigue by a sergeant unkind,
      Don't grouse like a woman, nor crack on, nor blind;
      Be handy and civil, and then you will find
      That it's beer for the young British soldier.
  3. To darken; to obscure to the eye or understanding; to conceal.
    • 1717, John Dryden [et al.], “(please specify |book=I to XV)”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 731548838:
      Such darkness blinds the sky.
    • 1676, Edward Stillingfleet, A Defence of the Discourse Concerning the Idolatry Practised in the Church of Rome
      The state of the controversy between us he endeavored, with all his art, to blind and confound.
  4. To cover with a thin coating of sand and fine gravel, for example a road newly paved, in order that the joints between the stones may be filled.

Derived terms

  • blinded by nostalgia
  • blind with science
  • blinder
  • blinding
  • blindness

Translations

Adverb

blind (comparative more blind, superlative most blind)

  1. Without seeing; unseeingly.
    • 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], OCLC 1042815524, part I, page 196:
      It was just robbery with violence, aggravated murder on a great scale, and men going at it blind - as is very proper for those who tackle a darkness.
  2. (colloquial) Absolutely, totally.
    to swear blind
    • 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], OCLC 1042815524, part I, page 195:
      It was just robbery with violence, aggravated murder on a great scale, and men going at it blind - as is very proper for those who tackle a darkness.
  3. (poker, three card brag) Without looking at the cards dealt.
  4. (cooking, especially in combination with 'bake') As a pastry case only, without any filling.
    Blind bake your pie case for fifteen minutes, then add the filling. This will help avoid a "soggy bottom".
    • 2012, Frank D. Conforti, Food Selection and Preparation: A Laboratory Manual, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 63:
      If the shell is going to be baked without a filling, “baking the crust blind,” prick the bottom and sides of the crust to allow the steam to escape. Another variation: line the bottom of the crust with parchment paper […]
    • 2013, Dorie Greenspan, Baking: From My Home to Yours, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 490:
      PIE WEIGHTS: When you are baking a crust blind, which means when you are partially or fully baking it without filling (see blind-baking, page 474), you need something to keep the crust from puffing up: weights.

Translations

References

  1. A. F. Niemoeller, "A Glossary of Homosexual Slang," Fact 2, no. 1 (Jan-Feb 1965): 25

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch blind, from Middle Dutch blint, from Old Dutch *blint, from Proto-Germanic *blindaz.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /blənt/

Adjective

blind (attributive blinde, comparative blinder, superlative blindste)

  1. blind (unable to see)

Derived terms

  • blindheid

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse blindr, from Proto-Germanic *blindaz.

Pronunciation

  • Rhymes: -end

Adjective

blind

  1. blind

Inflection

Inflection of blind
PositiveComparativeSuperlative
Common singularblindmereblindmestblind2
Neuter singularblindtmereblindmestblind2
Pluralblindemereblindmestblind2
Definite attributive1blindemereblindmest blinde
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

References

  • “blind” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /blɪnt/
  • (file)
  • Hyphenation: blind
  • Rhymes: -ɪnt

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch blint, from Old Dutch *blint, from Proto-West Germanic *blind, from Proto-Germanic *blindaz.

Adjective

blind (comparative blinder, superlative blindst)

  1. blind (unable to see)
    Hij is sinds zijn geboorte blind.
    He has been blind since his birth.
Inflection
Inflection of blind
uninflectedblind
inflectedblinde
comparativeblinder
positivecomparativesuperlative
predicative/adverbialblindblinderhet blindst
het blindste
indefinitem./f. sing.blindeblindereblindste
n. sing.blindblinderblindste
pluralblindeblindereblindste
definiteblindeblindereblindste
partitiveblindsblinders—
Derived terms
  • blinde vink
  • blinde vlek
  • blindganger
  • blindheid
  • verblinden
Descendants
  • Afrikaans: blind
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: blende
  • Negerhollands: blind, blin, blen
  • →? Sranan Tongo: breni, blinde, blinni

Etymology 2

From blinden.

Alternative forms

  • blinde f

Noun

blind n (plural blinden, diminutive blindje n)

  1. window shutter
Synonyms
  • luik

German

Etymology

From Middle High German and Old High German blint, from Proto-West Germanic *blind.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /blɪnt/
  • Audio(file)

Adjective

blind (strong nominative masculine singular blinder, comparative blinder, superlative am blindesten)

  1. blind
  2. (of a mirror or windowpane) cloudy
    • 1918, Elisabeth von Heyking, Die Orgelpfeifen, in: Zwei Erzählungen, Phillipp Reclam jun. Verlag, page 9:
      So dunkel und schauerlich die Gruft aussah, wenn man durch die blinden, bestaubten Scheibchen der kleinen Fenster hineinblickte, so hell und freundlich war oben die Kirche.
      Just as dark and eerie the crypt looked like, if one looked in it through the cloudy, dusted little panes of the small windows, as bright and friendly was the church above.

Declension

Positive forms of blind
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuterall genders
predicativeer ist blindsie ist blindes ist blindsie sind blind
strong declension
(without article)		nominativeblinderblindeblindesblinde
genitiveblindenblinderblindenblinder
dativeblindemblinderblindemblinden
accusativeblindenblindeblindesblinde
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativeder blindedie blindedas blindedie blinden
genitivedes blindender blindendes blindender blinden
dativedem blindender blindendem blindenden blinden
accusativeden blindendie blindedas blindedie blinden
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeein blindereine blindeein blindes(keine) blinden
genitiveeines blindeneiner blindeneines blinden(keiner) blinden
dativeeinem blindeneiner blindeneinem blinden(keinen) blinden
accusativeeinen blindeneine blindeein blindes(keine) blinden
Comparative forms of blind
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuterall genders
predicativeer ist blindersie ist blinderes ist blindersie sind blinder
strong declension
(without article)		nominativeblindererblindereblinderesblindere
genitiveblinderenblindererblinderenblinderer
dativeblinderemblindererblinderemblinderen
accusativeblinderenblindereblinderesblindere
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativeder blinderedie blinderedas blinderedie blinderen
genitivedes blinderender blinderendes blinderender blinderen
dativedem blinderender blinderendem blinderenden blinderen
accusativeden blinderendie blinderedas blinderedie blinderen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeein blinderereine blindereein blinderes(keine) blinderen
genitiveeines blindereneiner blindereneines blinderen(keiner) blinderen
dativeeinem blindereneiner blindereneinem blinderen(keinen) blinderen
accusativeeinen blindereneine blindereein blinderes(keine) blinderen
Superlative forms of blind
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuterall genders
predicativeer ist am blindestensie ist am blindestenes ist am blindestensie sind am blindesten
strong declension
(without article)		nominativeblindesterblindesteblindestesblindeste
genitiveblindestenblindesterblindestenblindester
dativeblindestemblindesterblindestemblindesten
accusativeblindestenblindesteblindestesblindeste
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativeder blindestedie blindestedas blindestedie blindesten
genitivedes blindestender blindestendes blindestender blindesten
dativedem blindestender blindestendem blindestenden blindesten
accusativeden blindestendie blindestedas blindestedie blindesten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeein blindestereine blindesteein blindestes(keine) blindesten
genitiveeines blindesteneiner blindesteneines blindesten(keiner) blindesten
dativeeinem blindesteneiner blindesteneinem blindesten(keinen) blindesten
accusativeeinen blindesteneine blindesteein blindestes(keine) blindesten

Derived terms

  • blinder Passagier
  • farbenblind
  • nachtblind

See also

  • blenden

Further reading

  • “blind” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • “blind” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • “blind” in Duden online

German Low German

Etymology

From Middle Low German blint, from Old Saxon blind. Cognate to Dutch blind, German blind.

Adjective

blind (comparative blinner, superlative blinnst)

  1. blind

Declension

Positive forms of blind
gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuterall genders
predicativehe is blindse is blinddat is blindse sünd blind
partitiveeen Blinnseen Blinnswat Blinnsallens Blinn
strong declension
(without article)		nominativeblinneblinneblindblinne
obliqueblinnenblinneblindblinne
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativede blinnede blinnedat blinnede blinnen
obliqueden blinnende blinnedat blinnede blinnen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeen blinneen blinneen blind/blinnet(keen) blinnen
obliqueen blinnenen blinneen blind/blinnet(keen) blinnen
Comparative forms of blind
gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuterall genders
predicativehe is blinnerse is blinnerdat is blinnerse sünd blinner
partitiveeen blinnerseen blinnerswat blinnersallens blinner
strong declension
(without article)		nominativeblinnereblinnereblinnerblinnere
obliqueblinnernblinnereblinnerblinnere
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativede blinnerede blinneredat blinnerede blinnern
obliqueden blinnernde blinneredat blinnerede blinnern
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeen blinnereen blinnereen blinner(keen) blinnern
obliqueen blinnernen blinnereen blinner(keen) blinnern
Superlative forms of blind
gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuterall genders
predicativehe is de Blinnstese is de Blinnstedat is dat Blinnstese sünd de Blinnsten
strong declension
(without article)		nominativeblinnsteblinnsteblinnstblinnste
obliqueblinnstenblinnsteblinnstblinnste
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativede blinnstede blinnstedat blinnstede blinnsten
obliqueden blinnstende blinnstedat blinnstede blinnsten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeen blinnsteen blinnsteen blinnst(keen) blinnsten
obliqueen blinnstenen blinnsteen blinnst(keen) blinnsten
Note: This declension is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

Icelandic

Adjective

blind

  1. inflection of blindur:
    1. feminine singular nominative strong positive degree
    2. neuter plural nominative strong positive degree
    3. neuter plural accusative strong positive degree

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse blindr, from Proto-Germanic *blindaz.

Adjective

blind (neuter singular blindt, definite singular and plural blinde)

  1. blind

Derived terms

Terms derived from blind

References

  • “blind” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse blindr, from Proto-Germanic *blindaz. Akin to English blind.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /blɪnː/, /blɪnd/

Adjective

blind (neuter blindt, definite singular and plural blinde, comparative blindare, indefinite superlative blindast, definite superlative blindaste)

  1. blind

Derived terms

Terms derived from blind

Verb

blind

  1. imperative of blinda

References

  • “blind” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *blind.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /blind/

Adjective

blind

  1. blind
    blind, dēaf, and dumb
    blind, deaf, and dumb
    God is dēad and man is blind.
    God is dead and man is blind.
  2. (substantive) a blind person

Declension

Declension of blind — Strong
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativeblindblindblind
Accusativeblindneblindeblind
Genitiveblindesblindreblindes
Dativeblindumblindreblindum
Instrumentalblindeblindreblinde
PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativeblindeblinda, blindeblind
Accusativeblindeblinda, blindeblind
Genitiveblindrablindrablindra
Dativeblindumblindumblindum
Instrumentalblindumblindumblindum
Declension of blind — Weak
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativeblindablindeblinde
Accusativeblindanblindanblinde
Genitiveblindanblindanblindan
Dativeblindanblindanblindan
Instrumentalblindanblindanblindan
PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativeblindanblindanblindan
Accusativeblindanblindanblindan
Genitiveblindra, blindenablindra, blindenablindra, blindena
Dativeblindumblindumblindum
Instrumentalblindumblindumblindum

Derived terms

  • blindnes
  • blendan
  • blindlīċe
  • *samblind
  • stærblind

Descendants

  • Middle English: blynd, blynde, blind, blend
    • English: blind
    • Scots: blind, blynd
    • Yola: blin

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *blind.

Adjective

blind

  1. blind

Declension

Positive forms of blind
Strong declension
gendermasculinefeminineneuter
casesingularpluralsingularpluralsingularplural
nominativeblindblinde, blindablindblindablindblind, blinda
accusativeblindan, blindenblinda, blindeblindablindablindblind, blinda
genitiveblindes, blindasblindaro, blindoro, blinderoblindara, blindaroblindaro, blindoro, blinderoblindes, blindasblindaro, blindoro, blindero
dativeblindumu, blindum, blindun, blindun, blindon, blinden, blindanblindun, blindon, blindumblindaro, blindaru, blindarablindun, blindonblindumu, blindum, blindun, blindun, blindon, blinden, blindanblindun, blindon, blindum
Weak declension
gendermasculinefeminineneuter
casesingularpluralsingularpluralsingularplural
nominativeblindo, blindablindon, blindunblinda, blindeblindon, blindun, blindanblinda, blindeblindon, blindun
accusativeblindon, blindanblindon, blindunblindun, blindon, blindanblindon, blindun, blindanblinda, blindeblindon, blindun
genitiveblinden, blindanblindono, blindenoblindun, blindan, blindenblindonoblinden, blindanblindono, blindeno
dativeblindon, blinden, blindanblindon, blindunblindun, blindanblindon, blindunblindon, blinden, blindanblindon, blindun


Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish blinder, from Old Norse blindr, from Proto-Germanic *blindaz.

Adjective

blind (comparative blindare, superlative blindast)

  1. blind; unable or failing to see

Declension

Inflection of blind
IndefinitePositiveComparativeSuperlative2
Common singularblindblindareblindast
Neuter singularblintblindareblindast
Pluralblindablindareblindast
Masculine plural3blindeblindareblindast
DefinitePositiveComparativeSuperlative
Masculine singular1blindeblindareblindaste
Allblindablindareblindaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic

Derived terms

  • blindgång
  • blindgångare
  • blindbock
  • blindstyre
  • färgblind

Further reading

  • blind in Svensk ordbok.
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