𒄠𒋛

Akkadian

Etymology

Usually regarded as a loanword from some other non-Semitic or Afro-Asiatic language. Has been compared to Middle Egyptian pꜣ-ꜣb(w) (with the Egyptian definite article prefixed) from Proto-Afro-Asiatic *leb- (“elephant”). Blažek 1998 postulates Proto-Semitic *pirl-, with assimilation r-l → r-r or r-l → l-l, yielding Akkadian forms 𒁉𒊒𒌝 (pīru) and 𒉿𒄿𒇻 (pīlu).

Compare Aramaic ܦܝܠܐ‎ (pīlā), Old Armenian փիղ (pʿił), Persian ‎ (pīl), Sanskrit पीलु (pīlu) and Arabic فِيل‎ (fīl). From the same Afro-Asiatic root also possibly the first part of Ancient Greek ἐλ-έφας (el-éphas) (whence also English elephant) and Latin eb-ur (“ivory”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /piːru/

Noun

𒄠𒋛 (pīru)

[AM.SI]

elephant
- c. 2nd millennium BCE, Proverbs, Collection 5, Segment A, Proverb 5.1:
  am-si /ni₂-te\\-a-ni /maš₂\\-[anše ^dšakkan₂-ka]
  niĝ₂ ĝe₂₆-gin₇-nam nu-ĝal₂ na-[ab-be₂-a]
  an-ti-ri₂-gu₇^mušen-e mu-/na\\-[ni-ib-gi₄-gi₄]
  u₃ ĝe₂₆-e igi-te-en-ĝu₁₀-še₃
  za-a-gin₇-nam al-dim₂-me-en-/e-še\\
  The elephant spoke to himself: "Among all the creatures of Šakkan, the one that can defecate like me has yet to be created!" The wren answered him: "But I, in my own small way, can defecate just as much as you!"

Descendants

Old Persian: pīruš "ivory"
Elamite pi-ri-um-na "from ivory"
→ Middle Persian: pyl (pīl)
- Persian: پیل‎ (pīl)
  - → Ottoman Turkish: پیل‎ (pil)
  - → Ossetian: пыл (pyl), пил (pil)
- → Arabic: فِيل‎ (fīl)
  - → Azeri: fil
  - → Bashkir: фил (fil)
  - → Ottoman Turkish: فیل‎ (fil)
    - Turkish: fil
    - → Serbo-Croatian: fȉl / фи̏л
  - → Persian: فیل‎ (fīl)
    - → Urdu: فیل‎ (fīl)
  - → Spanish: alfil
  - → Old Norse: fíll
    - Faroese: fílur
    - Icelandic: fíll
- → Georgian: სპილო (sṗilo), პილო (ṗilo)
- → Old Armenian: փիղ (pʿił)
  - Armenian: փիղ (pʿił)

References

Václav Blažek Two Greek words of a foreign origin : I. ἐλέφᾱς, II. φοῖνιξ, Sborník prací Filozofické fakulty brněnské univerzity. N, Řada klasická = Graeco-Latina Brunensia. 1998-1999, vol. 47-48, iss. N3-4

单词	𒄠𒋛
释义	𒄠𒋛 Akkadian Etymology Usually regarded as a loanword from some other non-Semitic or Afro-Asiatic language. Has been compared to Middle Egyptian pꜣ-ꜣb(w) (with the Egyptian definite article prefixed) from Proto-Afro-Asiatic leb- (“elephant”). Blažek 1998 postulates Proto-Semitic pirl-, with assimilation r-l → r-r or r-l → l-l, yielding Akkadian forms 𒁉𒊒𒌝 (pīru) and 𒉿𒄿𒇻 (pīlu). Compare Aramaic ܦܝܠܐ‎ (pīlā), Old Armenian փիղ (pʿił), Persian ‎ (pīl), Sanskrit पीलु (pīlu) and Arabic فِيل‎ (fīl). From the same Afro-Asiatic root also possibly the first part of Ancient Greek ἐλ-έφας (el-éphas) (whence also English elephant) and Latin eb-ur (“ivory”). Pronunciation IPA^(key): /piːru/ Noun 𒄠𒋛 (pīru) [AM.SI] elephant c. 2nd millennium BCE, Proverbs, Collection 5, Segment A, Proverb 5.1: am-si /ni₂-te\\-a-ni /maš₂\\-[anše ^dšakkan₂-ka] niĝ₂ ĝe₂₆-gin₇-nam nu-ĝal₂ na-[ab-be₂-a] an-ti-ri₂-gu₇^mušen-e mu-/na\\-[ni-ib-gi₄-gi₄] u₃ ĝe₂₆-e igi-te-en-ĝu₁₀-še₃ za-a-gin₇-nam al-dim₂-me-en-/e-še\\ The elephant spoke to himself: "Among all the creatures of Šakkan, the one that can defecate like me has yet to be created!" The wren answered him: "But I, in my own small way, can defecate just as much as you!" Descendants Old Persian: pīruš "ivory" Elamite pi-ri-um-na "from ivory" → Middle Persian: pyl (pīl) Persian: پیل‎ (pīl) → Ottoman Turkish: پیل‎ (pil) → Ossetian: пыл (pyl), пил (pil) → Arabic: فِيل‎ (fīl) → Azeri: fil → Bashkir: фил (fil) → Ottoman Turkish: فیل‎ (fil) Turkish: fil → Serbo-Croatian: fȉl / фи̏л → Persian: فیل‎ (fīl) → Urdu: فیل‎ (fīl) → Spanish: alfil → Old Norse: fíll Faroese: fílur Icelandic: fíll → Georgian: სპილო (sṗilo), პილო (ṗilo) → Old Armenian: փիղ (pʿił) Armenian: փիղ (pʿił) References Václav Blažek Two Greek words of a foreign origin : I. ἐλέφᾱς, II. φοῖνιξ, Sborník prací Filozofické fakulty brněnské univerzity. N, Řada klasická = Graeco-Latina Brunensia. 1998-1999, vol. 47-48, iss. N3-4
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