𑀤𑀲𑀫
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative forms
- dasama (Latin script)
- दसम (Devanagari script)
- দসম (Bengali script)
- දසම (Sinhalese script)
- ဒသမ or ၻသမ (Burmese script)
- ทสม or ทะสะมะ (Thai script)
- ᨴᩈᨾ (Tai Tham script)
- ທສມ or ທະສະມະ (Lao script)
- ទសម (Khmer script)
- 𑄘𑄥𑄟 (Chakma script)
Numeral
𑀤𑀲𑀫 (dasama)
- Brahmi script form of dasama (“tenth”)
Declension
Declension table of "𑀤𑀲𑀫" (masculine)
| Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁄 (dasamo) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸 (dasamā) |
| Accusative (second) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀁 (dasamaṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂 (dasame) |
| Instrumental (third) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀦 (dasamena) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (dasamehi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀪𑀺 (dasamebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (dasamassa) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀬 (dasamāya) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀁 (dasamatthaṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀦𑀁 (dasamānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀫𑀸 (dasamasmā) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸 (dasamamhā) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸 (dasamā) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (dasamehi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀪𑀺 (dasamebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (dasamassa) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀦𑀁 (dasamānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀫𑀺𑀁 (dasamasmiṃ) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀺 (dasamamhi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂 (dasame) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼 (dasamesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫 (dasama) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸 (dasamā) |
Declension table of "𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻" (feminine)
| Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻 (dasamī) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺𑀬𑁄 (dasamiyo) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻 (dasamī) |
| Accusative (second) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺𑀁 (dasamiṃ) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺𑀬𑀁 (dasamiyaṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺𑀬𑁄 (dasamiyo) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻 (dasamī) |
| Instrumental (third) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺𑀬𑀸 (dasamiyā) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀳𑀺 (dasamīhi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀪𑀺 (dasamībhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺𑀬𑀸 (dasamiyā) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀦𑀁 (dasamīnaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺𑀬𑀸 (dasamiyā) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀳𑀺 (dasamīhi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀪𑀺 (dasamībhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺𑀬𑀸 (dasamiyā) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀦𑀁 (dasamīnaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺𑀬𑀸 (dasamiyā) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺𑀬𑀁 (dasamiyaṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀲𑀼 (dasamīsu) |
| Vocative (calling) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺 (dasami) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺𑀬𑁄 (dasamiyo) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻 (dasamī) |
Declension table of "𑀤𑀲𑀫" (neuter)
| Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀁 (dasamaṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀦𑀺 (dasamāni) |
| Accusative (second) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀁 (dasamaṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀦𑀺 (dasamāni) |
| Instrumental (third) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀦 (dasamena) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (dasamehi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀪𑀺 (dasamebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (dasamassa) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀬 (dasamāya) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀁 (dasamatthaṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀦𑀁 (dasamānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀫𑀸 (dasamasmā) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸 (dasamamhā) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸 (dasamā) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (dasamehi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀪𑀺 (dasamebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (dasamassa) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀦𑀁 (dasamānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀫𑀺𑀁 (dasamasmiṃ) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀺 (dasamamhi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂 (dasame) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼 (dasamesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫 (dasama) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀦𑀺 (dasamāni) |
Prakrit
Etymology
Inherited from Sanskrit दशम (daśamá). Synchronically analysable as 𑀤𑀲 (dasa) + -𑀫 (-ma). Cognate with Pali dasama.
Adjective
𑀤𑀲𑀫 (dasama) (Devanagari दसम, Kannada ದಸಮ) (Maharastri, Jain Maharastri, Ardhamagadhi) (ordinal number)
- tenth
Declension
| Maharastri declension of 𑀤𑀲𑀫 (masculine) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁄 (dasamo) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸 (dasamā) |
| Accusative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀁 (dasamaṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂 (dasame) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸 (dasamā) |
| Instrumental | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀡 (dasameṇa) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀡𑀁 (dasameṇaṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (dasamehi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (dasamehiṃ) |
| Dative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀅 (dasamāa) | — |
| Ablative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀑 (dasamāo) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀉 (dasamāu) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸 (dasamā) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (dasamāhi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (dasamāhiṃto) | — |
| Genitive | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (dasamassa) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀡 (dasamāṇa) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (dasamāṇaṃ) |
| Locative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (dasamammi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂 (dasame) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼 (dasamesu) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (dasamesuṃ) |
| Vocative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫 (dasama) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸 (dasamā) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸 (dasamā) |
| Maharastri declension of 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻 (feminine) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻 (dasamī) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀑 (dasamīo) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻 (dasamī) |
| Accusative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺𑀁 (dasamiṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀑 (dasamīo) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻 (dasamī) |
| Instrumental | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀏 (dasamīe) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀳𑀺 (dasamīhi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (dasamīhiṃ) |
| Dative | — | — |
| Ablative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀑 (dasamīo) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (dasamīhiṃto) |
| Genitive | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀏 (dasamīe) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀡 (dasamīṇa) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀡𑀁 (dasamīṇaṃ) |
| Locative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀏 (dasamīe) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀲𑀼 (dasamīsu) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (dasamīsuṃ) |
| Vocative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀺 (dasami) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻 (dasamī) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻𑀑 (dasamīo) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀻 (dasamī) |
| Maharastri declension of 𑀤𑀲𑀫 (neuter) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀁 (dasamaṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (dasamāiṃ) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀇 (dasamāi) |
| Accusative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀁 (dasamaṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (dasamāiṃ) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀇 (dasamāi) |
| Instrumental | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀡 (dasameṇa) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀡𑀁 (dasameṇaṃ) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (dasamehi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (dasamehiṃ) |
| Dative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀅 (dasamāa) | — |
| Ablative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀑 (dasamāo) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀉 (dasamāu) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸 (dasamā) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (dasamāhi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (dasamāhiṃto) | — |
| Genitive | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (dasamassa) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀡 (dasamāṇa) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (dasamāṇaṃ) |
| Locative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (dasamammi) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂 (dasame) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼 (dasamesu) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (dasamesuṃ) |
| Vocative | 𑀤𑀲𑀫 (dasama) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸 (dasamā) | 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (dasamāiṃ) or 𑀤𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀇 (dasamāi) |
Descendants
- Gujarati: દસમું (dasmũ)
- Konkani: धावो, धावें
- Nepali: दशौं (daśa͠u)
- Old Hindi: दसवै (dasavai), दसवैं (dasava͠i, Rājasthānī manuscripts)
- Hindustani: dasvā̃
- Hindi: दसवाँ
- Urdu: دَسْوَاں
- Hindustani: dasvā̃
- Old Marathi:
- Devanagari: दसव (dasava), दाहाव (dāhāva)
- Modi: 𑘟𑘭𑘪 (dasava), 𑘟𑘰𑘮𑘰𑘪 (dāhāva)
- Marathi: दहावे (dahāve)
- Old Punjabi: ਦਸਵਾ (dasavā /dasavāṁ/)
- Punjabi: dasvā̃
- Gurmukhi: ਦਸਵਾਂ
- Shahmukhi: دَسْواں
- Punjabi: dasvā̃
- Sindhi: ḍ̠ahõ
- Arabic: ڏهون
- Devanagari: ॾहों
Further reading
- Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923-1928), “दस”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [Pāia-Sadda-Mahaṇṇavo; lit. Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 458.
- Pischel, Richard; Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, pages 91, 323.
- Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakrit, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, page 146.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “dasama”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 356