𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀
Avestan
Etymology
From Proto-Iranian *xšaθram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám, from Proto-Indo-European *tk-e-tróm, from *tek- (“to gain power over, gain control over”). Cognate with Sanskrit क्षत्र (kṣatrá), Old Persian 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 (xšaça).
Noun
𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 • (xšaθra) n
- rule, control, authority, power
Declension
| Declension of 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (YAv, neuter a-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬆𐬨 xšaθrəm | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 xšaθra | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 xšaθra |
| Vocative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬆𐬨 xšaθrəm | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 xšaθra | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 xšaθra |
| Accusative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬆𐬨 xšaθrəm | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 xšaθra | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 xšaθra |
| Instrumental | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 xšaθra | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬀 xšaθraēibiia | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁𐬌𐬱 xšaθrāiš |
| Dative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁𐬌 xšaθrāi | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬀 xšaθraēibiia | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬋 xšaθraēibiiō |
| Ablative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁𐬝 xšaθrāt̰ | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬀 xšaθraēibiia | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬋 xšaθraēibiiō |
| Genitive | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬵𐬈 xšaθrahe | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬃 xšaθraiiā̊ | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬄𐬨 xšaθranąm |
| Locative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬈 xšaθre | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬋 xšaθraiiō | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬎 xšaθraēšu |
| Declension of 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (OAv, neuter a-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬆𐬨 xšaθrəm | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬋𐬌 xšaθrōi | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁 xšaθrā |
| Vocative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬆𐬨 xšaθrəm | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬋𐬌 xšaθrōi | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁 xšaθrā |
| Accusative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬆𐬨 xšaθrəm | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬋𐬌 xšaθrōi | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁 xšaθrā |
| Instrumental | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁 xšaθrā | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬋𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬁 xšaθrōibiiā | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁𐬌𐬱 xšaθrāiš |
| Dative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁𐬌 xšaθrāi | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬋𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬁 xšaθrōibiiā | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬋 xšaθraēibiiō |
| Ablative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁𐬝 xšaθrāt̰ | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬋𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬁 xšaθrōibiiā | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬋 xšaθraēibiiō |
| Genitive | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬵𐬌𐬌𐬁 xšaθrahiiā | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬃 xšaθraiiā̊ | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬄𐬨 xšaθranąm |
| Locative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬉 xšaθrē | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬋 xšaθraiiō | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬏 xšaθraēšū |
Derived terms
- 𐬵𐬎𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (huxšaθra)
References
- Martínez García, Javier; de Vaan, Michiel (2014) Introduction to Avestan (Brill Introductions to Indo-European Languages; 1), Brill, →ISBN