𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠

𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠

Old Persian

Etymology

Nominative singular of *Xšayā-r̥šān- (literally “ruling over heroes”)[1], from *xšay- (literally “to rule”) + *r̥šān- (hero), from Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to take, obtain”) and Proto-Indo-European *wérsēn (“male”).

Proper noun

𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 (x-š-y-a-r-š-a /Xšayār̥šā/) m

1. Xerxes

Descendants

• → Persian: خشایارشا‎ (xašâyâršâ), خشایار‎ (xašâyâr)
  • → Marathi: खशायर (khaśāyar)
• → Akkadian:

  Late Babylonian: 𒄭𒅆𒀪𒅈𒐼𒀪 (ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-šá-ʾ /Ḫišiʾaršaʾ/), 𒄭𒅆𒀪𒅈𒅆 (ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši /Ḫišiʾarši/), 𒄭𒅆𒅈𒋙 (ḫi-ši-ar-šú /Ḫišiaršu/), 𒄭𒅆𒌒𒅆 (ḫi-ši-ár-ši /Ḫišiarši/), 𒄴𒀾𒊭𒄷𒋙 (aḫ-áš-šá-ḫu-šú /Aḫašaḫušu/), 𒄴𒄭𒅈𒋙 (aḫ-ḫi-ar-šú /Aḫiaršu/), 𒄴𒌍𒊑 (aḫ-eš-ri /Aḫešri/), 𒄴𒅆𒅈𒋙 (aḫ-ši-ar-šú /Aḫšiaršu/), 𒄴𒅆𒌒𒋙 (aḫ-ši-ár-šú /Aḫšiaršu/), 𒄴𒅆𒊍𒋢 (aḫ-ši-as-su /Aḫšiasu/), 𒄴𒅆𒄷𒋙 (aḫ-ši-ḫu-šú /Aḫšiḫušu/), 𒄴𒅆𒄿𒅈𒋗 (aḫ-ši-i-ar-šu /Aḫšiaršu/), 𒄴𒅆𒄿𒅈𒋙 (aḫ-ši-i-ar-šú /Aḫšiaršu/), 𒄴𒅆𒅀𒅈 (aḫ-ši-ia-ar /Aḫšiar/), 𒄴𒅆𒅀𒅈𒅆 (aḫ-ši-ia-ar-ši /Aḫšiarši/), 𒄴𒅆𒅀𒅈𒋙 (aḫ-ši-ia-ar-šú /Aḫšiaršu/), 𒄴𒅆𒐊𒅈𒋙 (aḫ-ši-iá-ar-šú /Aḫšiaršu/), 𒄴𒅆𒄿𒈥𒋙 (aḫ-ši-i-mar-šú /Aḫšimaršu/), 𒄴𒋗𒈥𒅆𒀪 (aḫ-šu-mar-ši-ʾ /Aḫšumaršiʾ/), 𒄴𒅆𒅈𒋙 (aḫ-ši-ar-šú /Aḫšiaršu/), 𒋀𒅆𒈥𒋙 (áḫ-ši-mar-šú /Aḫšimaršu/), 𒋀𒅆𒊑𒅈𒋙 (áḫ-ši-ri-ar-šú /Aḫširiaršu/), 𒀝𒅈𒀾𒄷 (ak-ar-áš-ḫu /Akarašḫu/), 𒀝𒅗𒅆𒅈𒅆 (ak-ka-ši-ar-ši /Akašiarši/), 𒀝𒅗𒅆𒅈𒋙 (ak-ka-ši-ar-šú /Akašiaršu/), 𒀝𒆠𒅖𒅈𒋙 (ak-ki-iš-ar-šú /Akišaršu/), 𒀝𒊭𒅈𒋙 (ak-ša-ar-šú /Akšaršú/), 𒀝𒊹𒊑𒌍𒋙 (ak-šár-re-eš-šú /Akšárešu/), 𒀝𒅆𒀪𒅈𒅆 (ak-ši-ʾ-ar-ši /Akšiʾarši/), 𒀝𒅆𒀝𒅈𒋙 (ak-ši-ak-ar-šú /Akšiakaršu/), 𒀝𒅆𒅈𒀀𒋙 (ak-ši-ar-a-šú /Akšiarašu/), 𒀝𒅆𒅈𒊑𒋙 (ak-ši-ar-ri-šú /Akšiarišu/), 𒀝𒅆𒅈𒅆𒄿𒀪 (ak-ši-ar-ši-i-ʾ /Akšiaršīʾ/), 𒀝𒅆𒅈𒋗 (ak-ši-ar-šu /Akšiaršu/), 𒀝𒅆𒅈𒋙 (ak-ši-ar-šú /Akšiaršu/), 𒀝𒅆𒅀𒅈𒀪𒋙 (ak-ši-ia-ar-ʾ-šú /Akšiarʾšu/), 𒀝𒅆𒅀𒅈𒅆 (ak-ši-ia-ar-ši /Akšiarši/), 𒀝𒅆𒅀𒅈𒋙 (ak-ši-ia-ar-šú /Akšiaršu/), 𒀝𒅆𒐊𒅈𒋙 (ak-ši-iá-ar-šú /Akšiaršu/), 𒀝𒅆𒄿𒅈𒋙 (ak-ši-i-ar-šú /Akšiaršu/), 𒀝𒅆𒄿𒈠𒅈𒋙 (ak-ši-i-ma-ar-šú /Akšimaršu/), 𒀝𒅆𒈠𒀝𒋙 (ak-ši-ma-ak-šú /Akšimakšu/), 𒀝𒋛𒈠𒅈𒋙 (ak-ši-ma-ar-šú /Akšimaršu/), 𒀝𒅆𒊑𒌍𒋙 (ak-ši-re-eš-šú /Akširešu/), 𒀝𒋢𒅈𒋙 (ak-šu-ar-šú /Akšuaršu/), 𒀝𒋙𒅈𒋙 (ak-šú-ar-šú /Akšuaršu/), 𒄩𒅆𒄿𒅈𒋙 (ḫa-ši-i-ar-šú /Ḫašiaršu/), 𒄭𒊺𒈥𒋙 (ḫi-še-mar-šú /Ḫišemaršu/), 𒄩𒅆𒀪𒅈𒅆 (ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši /Ḫišiʾarši/), 𒄩𒅆𒀪𒅈𒅆𒀪 (ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-ši-ʾ /Ḫišiʾaršiʾ/), 𒄩𒅆𒀪𒅈𒋙 (ḫi-ši-ʾ-ar-šú /Ḫišiʾaršu/), 𒄭𒅆𒀪𒀾𒋙 (ḫi-ši-ʾ-áš-šú /Ḫišiʾášú/), 𒄭𒅆𒅈𒐼𒋙 (ḫi-ši-ar-šá-šú /Ḫišiaršašu/), 𒄭𒅆𒌒𒋙 (ḫi-ši-ár-šú /Ḫišiaršu/), 𒄭𒅆𒅀𒅈𒋙 (ḫi-ši-ia-ar-šú /Ḫišiaršu/), 𒄭𒅆𒐊𒅈𒋙 (ḫi-ši-iá-ar-šú /Ḫišiaršu/), 𒄭𒅆𒐊𒈥𒋙 (ḫi-ši-iá-mar-šú /Ḫišiamaršu/), 𒄭𒅆𒈥𒋙 (ḫi-ši-mar-šú /Ḫišimaršu/), 𒅅𒅈𒅈𒅆 (ik-ar-ar-ši /Ikararši/), 𒅆𒆪𒍑𒋾 (ši-ku-uš-ti /Šikušti/)[1]

• → Ancient Greek: Ξέρξης (Xérxēs)
  • → Arabic: خَرْخَس‎ (ḵarḵas)
  • → Georgian: ქსერქსე (kserkse)
  • Greek: Ξέρξης (Xérxis)
  • → Russian: Ксеркс (Kserks)
  • → Latin: Xerxes
    • → Czech: Xerxes, Xerxés
    • → Dutch: Xerxes
      • Afrikaans: Xerxes
    • → English: Xerxes
      • → Tagalog: Xerxes
    • → Finnish: Kserkses
    • → French: Xerxès
    • → Hungarian: Xerxész
    • → Italian: Serse
    • → Latvian: Kserkss
    • → Portuguese: Xerxes
    • → Spanish: Jerjes
      • → Tagalog: Jerjes
• → Aramaic:

  Imperial Aramaic: 𐡀𐡇𐡔𐡉𐡓𐡔‎ (ʾḥšyrš), 𐡇𐡔𐡉𐡀𐡓𐡔‎ (ḥšyʾrš), 𐡇𐡔𐡉𐡓𐡔‎ (ḥšyrš)[1]

• → Arabic: خْشَايَارْشَا‎ (ḵšāyāršā)
• → Egyptian:

  Late Egyptian: (ḫšꜣyꜣrwšꜣ), (ḫšꜣyꜣrwšꜣ), (ḫšꜣyrwš), (ḫšꜣyꜣrwšꜣ), (ḫꜣšꜣyꜣrwšꜣ)[1]

• → Elamite:

  Achaemenid Elamite: 𒅅𒊺𒅕𒆜𒐼 (ik-še-er-iš-šá /Ikšeriša/), 𒅅𒊺𒅕𒐼 (ik-še-er-šá /Ikšerša/), 𒊺𒅕𒐼 (še-er-šá /Šerša/)[1]

• → Hebrew: חשיארש‎
  • See also: אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ‎ (Akhashverósh)
    • → Indonesian: Ahasyweros
    • → Dutch: Ahasveros
      • Afrikaans: Ahasveros
    • → Swedish: Ahasveros
  • → Armenian: Ահասֆերուս (Ahasferus)
  • → Ancient Greek: Ασουηρος (Asouēros)
  • → Latin: Ahasuerus, Ahasverus
    • → Basque: Asuero
    • → Catalan: Assuer
    • → Danish: Ahasverus
    • → Dutch: Ahasverus
    • → English: Ahasuerus
    • → Estonian: Ahasveerus
    • → Faroese: Áhasverus
    • → Finnish: Ahasverus, Ahasveros
    • → French: Assuérus
    • → Galician: Axuero
    • → Latvian: Ahasvērs
    • → Polish: Achaszwerosz
    • → Portuguese: Assuero, Aasvero, Ahasuerus
    • → Spanish: Asuero
      • → Tagalog: Asuero
    • → Welsh: Ahasferws, Ahasfferus
  • → Persian: اَحَشْوِروش‎
    • → Urdu: اخسویرس‎
• → Hindi: क्षयार्षा (kṣayārṣā)
• → Hungarian: Khsajársá

References

1. Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN