𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁

𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁

Old Persian

Etymology

Of disputed origin. One theory is that it is from Elamite 𒁹𒆪𒊏𒀾 (^mku-ra-aš₂ /kuraš/, “shepherd, bestowed care, protector”); earliest cuneiform attestations of the name, even instances prior to the founder of the Achaemenid Empire, always end in /-aš/ as opposed to /-uš/, an unexplainable development for Akkadian and Elamite phonologically if the original was the Iranian /-uš/. This has suggested rather that the later, more well-known Iranian version is in fact the adaptation, perhaps brought on by the fact that Old Persian a stems never have a final /-š/ but u stems do in the nominative.[1]

Proper noun

𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁 (ku-u-ru-u-š /Kuruš/)

1. a male given name: Cyrus

Descendants

• Persian: کوروش‎ (Kuroš)

  → Old Armenian: քորէշ (kʿorēš)

• → Akkadian:[1]

  Late Babylonian: 𒆪𒆪𒊏𒀾 (ᵏᵘku-ra-áš /Kuraš/), 𒆪𒆪𒊏𒀾𒋙 (ᵏᵘku-ra-áš-šú /Kurašu/), 𒆪𒊏𒀾 (ku-ra-áš /Kuraš/), 𒆪𒊏𒀾𒋙 (ku-ra-áš-šú /Kurašu/), 𒆪𒆜 (ku-raš /Kuraš/), 𒆪𒊏𒋗 (ku-ra-šu /Kurašu/), 𒆪𒊏𒋙 (ku-ra-šú /Kurašu/), 𒆪𒆜𒋙 (ku-raš-šú /Kurašu/), 𒆳𒀸 (kur-aš /Kuraš/), 𒆳𒀾 (kur-áš /Kuraš/), 𒆪𒊕 (ku-reš /Kureš/), 𒆳𒊏𒀸 (kur-ra-aš /Kuraš/), 𒆳𒁺𒀸 (kur-rá-aš /Kuraš/), 𒆳𒆜 (kur-raš /Kuraš/), 𒆳𒌇 (kur-ráš /Kuraš/), 𒆳𒊏𒋙 (kur-ra-šú /Kurašu/), 𒆳𒊕 (kur-reš /Kureš/), 𒆪𒌨𒊏𒀾 (ku-ur-ra-áš /Kuraš/), 𒆪𒌨𒊏𒋙 (Kurašu), 𒆪𒌨𒋙 (ku-ur-šú /Kuršu/)[1]

• → Ancient Greek: Κῦρος (Kûros) (see there for further descendants)
• → Aramaic:

  Imperial Aramaic: 𐡊𐡓𐡔‎ (krš)[1]

  Classical Syriac: ܟܘܪܫ‎ (Kūreš)

• → Egyptian:

  Late Egyptian: (kꜣwꜣrwšꜣ)[1]

• → Elamite:

  Achaemenid Elamite: 𒆪𒌇 (ku-ráš /Kuraš/)[1]

References

1. Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN