πππΏπΌπΉπππ
Gothic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *frumistaz and cognate to Old English fyrmest, whence English foremost; synchronically πππΏπΌπ° (fruma, βformerβ) +β -πΉπππ (-ists, βsuperlative suffixβ).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /Λfru.mists/
Adjective
πππΏπΌπΉπππ β’ (frumists)
- superlative degree of πππΏπΌπ° (fruma)
- Antonym: π°πππΏπΌπΉπππ (aftumists)
- first (preceding all others of a series or kind; the ordinal of one; earliest) (used of the first of more than two, or of an unspecified number)
- 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 19.16:[1]
- π΅π°πΌ πΈπ°π½ ππ° πππΏπΌπΉπππ° π΅πΉπΈπ°π½π³π: πππ°πΏπΎπ°, ππΊπ°πππ πΈπ΄πΉπ½π π²π°π
π°πΏππ·ππ° ππ°πΉπ·πΏπ½ ππΊπ°πππ°π½π.
- qam ΓΎan sa frumista qiΓΎands: frauja, skatts ΓΎeins gawaurhta taihun skattans.
- Then came the first, saying, Lord, thy pound hath gained ten pounds. (KJV)
- π΅π°πΌ πΈπ°π½ ππ° πππΏπΌπΉπππ° π΅πΉπΈπ°π½π³π: πππ°πΏπΎπ°, ππΊπ°πππ πΈπ΄πΉπ½π π²π°π
π°πΏππ·ππ° ππ°πΉπ·πΏπ½ ππΊπ°πππ°π½π.
- 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Second Epistle to Timothy (Codex Ambrosianus B) 2.6:[2]
- π°ππ±π°πΉπ³πΎπ°π½π³π π°πΉππΈππ π
π°πΏππππ
πΎπ° ππΊπ°π» πππΏπΌπΉππ π°πΊππ°π½π΄ π°π½π³π½πΉπΌπ°π½.
- arbaidjands airΓΎΕs waurstwja skal frumist akranΔ andniman.
- The husbandman that laboureth must be first partaker of the fruits. (KJV).
- π°ππ±π°πΉπ³πΎπ°π½π³π π°πΉππΈππ π
π°πΏππππ
πΎπ° ππΊπ°π» πππΏπΌπΉππ π°πΊππ°π½π΄ π°π½π³π½πΉπΌπ°π½.
- first (most eminent or exalted; most excellent; chief; highest)
- 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Mark (Codex Argenteus) 10.44:[3]
- πΎπ°π· ππ°π΄πΉ π
πΉπ»πΉ πΉπΆπ
π°ππ° π
π°πΉππΈπ°π½ πππΏπΌπΉπππ, ππΉπΎπ°πΉ π°π»π»π°πΉπΌ ππΊπ°π»πΊπ.
- jah saei wili izwara wairΓΎan frumists, sijai allaim skalks.
- And whosoever of you will be the chiefest, shall be servant of all. (KJV).
- πΎπ°π· ππ°π΄πΉ π
πΉπ»πΉ πΉπΆπ
π°ππ° π
π°πΉππΈπ°π½ πππΏπΌπΉπππ, ππΉπΎπ°πΉ π°π»π»π°πΉπΌ ππΊπ°π»πΊπ.
Declension
A-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Strong (indefinite) inflection | |||
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | πππΏπΌπΉπππ frumists | πππΏπΌπΉπππ° frumista | πππΏπΌπΉππ, πππΏπΌπΉπππ°ππ° frumist, frumistata |
Accusative | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°π½π° frumistana | πππΏπΌπΉπππ° frumista | πππΏπΌπΉππ, πππΏπΌπΉπππ°ππ° frumist, frumistata |
Genitive | πππΏπΌπΉπππΉπ frumistis | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΉπΆππ frumistaizΕs | πππΏπΌπΉπππΉπ frumistis |
Dative | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΌπΌπ° frumistamma | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΉ frumistai | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΌπΌπ° frumistamma |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΉ frumistai | πππΏπΌπΉππππ frumistΕs | πππΏπΌπΉπππ° frumista |
Accusative | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°π½π frumistans | πππΏπΌπΉππππ frumistΕs | πππΏπΌπΉπππ° frumista |
Genitive | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΉπΆπ΄ frumistaizΔ | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΉπΆπ frumistaizΕ | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΉπΆπ΄ frumistaizΔ |
Dative | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΉπΌ frumistaim | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΉπΌ frumistaim | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΉπΌ frumistaim |
Weak (definite) inflection | |||
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | πππΏπΌπΉπππ° frumista | πππΏπΌπΉπππ frumistΕ | πππΏπΌπΉπππ frumistΕ |
Accusative | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°π½ frumistan | πππΏπΌπΉππππ½ frumistΕn | πππΏπΌπΉπππ frumistΕ |
Genitive | πππΏπΌπΉπππΉπ½π frumistins | πππΏπΌπΉππππ½π frumistΕns | πππΏπΌπΉπππΉπ½π frumistins |
Dative | πππΏπΌπΉπππΉπ½ frumistin | πππΏπΌπΉππππ½ frumistΕn | πππΏπΌπΉπππΉπ½ frumistin |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°π½π frumistans | πππΏπΌπΉππππ½π frumistΕns | πππΏπΌπΉππππ½π° frumistΕna |
Accusative | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°π½π frumistans | πππΏπΌπΉππππ½π frumistΕns | πππΏπΌπΉππππ½π° frumistΕna |
Genitive | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°π½π΄ frumistanΔ | πππΏπΌπΉππππ½π frumistΕnΕ | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°π½π΄ frumistanΔ |
Dative | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΌ frumistam | πππΏπΌπΉππππΌ frumistΕm | πππΏπΌπΉπππ°πΌ frumistam |
Derived terms
- πππΏπΌπΉπππΉ (frumisti, βbeginningβ)
Related terms
- ππ°πΉπ- (fair-)
- ππ°πΉπππ° (fairra)
- ππ°πΏπ (faur)
- ππ°πΏππ° (faura)
- πππ°πΌ (fram)
- πππ°πΌπ°πΈπ΄πΉπ (framaΓΎeis)
- πππ°πΏπΎπ° (frauja)
References
- Luke chapter 19 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
- Timothy II chapter 2 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
- Mark chapter 10 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
Further reading
- Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986), βF99. frumaβ, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feistβs dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 129β130
- Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winterβs UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 39