𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽

𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *fijāną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfi.jan/

Verb

𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (fijan)

1. (transitive) to hate
   • Gothic Bible, John 15:23:

     𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐌼𐌹𐌺 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌰𐌽 𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸.

     saei mik fijaiþ jah attan meinana fijaiþ.

     He that hateth me hateth my Father also. (KJV)

Conjugation

There are three instances where forms of this verb have been spelled without a -𐌾- in the root. They are 𐍆𐌹𐌰𐌹𐍃 (fiais), 𐍆𐌹𐌰𐌹𐌸 (fiaiþ) and 𐍆𐌹𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 (fiandans). Also note the variant form 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳 (fijaid).

Class 3 weak
Infinitive	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽 fijān
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰 fija	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 fijaida	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 fijāda
2nd singular	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 fijais	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 fijaidēs	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 fijāza
3rd singular	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 fijaiþ	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 fijaida	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 fijāda
1st dual	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐍉𐍃 fijōs	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 fijaidēdu	—
2nd dual	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 fijāts	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 fijaidēduts	—
1st plural	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌼 fijām	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 fijaidēdum	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 fijānda
2nd plural	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 fijaiþ	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 fijaidēduþ	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 fijānda
3rd plural	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 fijānd	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 fijaidēdun	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 fijānda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌿 fijau	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 fijaidēdjau	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 fijaidau
2nd singular	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 fijais	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 fijaidēdeis	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 fijaizau
3rd singular	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹 fijai	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 fijaidēdi	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 fijaidau
1st dual	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 fijaiwa	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 fijaidēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 fijaits	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 fijaidēdeits	—
1st plural	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 fijaima	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 fijaidēdeima	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 fijaindau
2nd plural	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 fijaiþ	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 fijaidēdeiþ	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 fijaindau
3rd plural	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 fijaina	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 fijaidēdeina	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 fijaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹 fijai
3rd singular	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 fijādau
2nd dual	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 fijāts
2nd plural	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 fijaiþ
3rd plural	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 fijāndau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 fijānds	𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 fijaiþs

Synonyms

• 𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hatjan, “to hate”)
• 𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌽 (hatān, “to hate”)

Antonyms

• 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽 (frijōn, “to love”)

Related terms

• 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands, “enemy”)
• 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰 (fijaþwa, “enmity”)