𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽
Gothic
Etymology
𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-) + a denominal verb from Proto-Germanic *mūlō (“muzzle”)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fɔrˈmuːljan/
Verb
𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (faurmūljan)
- to muzzle
- 1 Corinthians 9:9a
- 𐌹𐌽 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰 𐌰𐌿𐌺 𐌼𐍉𐍃𐌴𐌶𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐍃𐍄: 𐌽𐌹 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌰𐌿 𐌸𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽.
- in witōda auk mōsēzis gamēliþ ist: ni faurmūljais auhsau þriskandan.
- For it is written in the law of Moses, thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox that treadeth out the corn. (KJV)
- 1 Corinthians 9:9a
Conjugation
| Class 1 weak | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 faurmūljan | |||
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive | |
| 1st singular | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰 faurmūlja | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰 faurmūlida | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 faurmūljada | |
| 2nd singular | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃 faurmūleis | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 faurmūlidēs | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 faurmūljaza | |
| 3rd singular | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸 faurmūleiþ | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰 faurmūlida | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 faurmūljada | |
| 1st dual | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐍉𐍃 faurmūljōs | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 faurmūlidēdu | — | |
| 2nd dual | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 faurmūljats | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 faurmūlidēduts | — | |
| 1st plural | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌼 faurmūljam | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 faurmūlidēdum | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 faurmūljanda | |
| 2nd plural | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸 faurmūleiþ | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 faurmūlidēduþ | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 faurmūljanda | |
| 3rd plural | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 faurmūljand | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 faurmūlidēdun | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 faurmūljanda | |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive | |
| 1st singular | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌿 faurmūljau | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 faurmūlidēdjau | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljaidau | |
| 2nd singular | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 faurmūljais | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 faurmūlidēdeis | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 faurmūljaizau | |
| 3rd singular | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹 faurmūljai | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 faurmūlidēdi | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljaidau | |
| 1st dual | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 faurmūljaiwa | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 faurmūlidēdeiwa | — | |
| 2nd dual | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 faurmūljaits | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 faurmūlidēdeits | — | |
| 1st plural | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 faurmūljaima | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 faurmūlidēdeima | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljaindau | |
| 2nd plural | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 faurmūljaiþ | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 faurmūlidēdeiþ | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljaindau | |
| 3rd plural | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 faurmūljaina | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 faurmūlidēdeina | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljaindau | |
| Imperative | ||||
| 2nd singular | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹 faurmūlei | |||
| 3rd singular | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljadau | |||
| 2nd dual | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 faurmūljats | |||
| 2nd plural | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸 faurmūleiþ | |||
| 3rd plural | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljandau | |||
| Present | Past | |||
| Participles | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 faurmūljands | 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌸𐍃 faurmūliþs | ||
Further reading
- Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 97