𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽

𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *rignijaną. Equivalent to 𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽 (rign) +‎ -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈriɡn.jan/, [ˈriɣn.jan]

Verb

𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (rignjan)

1. (intransitive) to make rain, to let it rain
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Matthew (Codex Argenteus) 5.45:[1]

     𐌴𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌿𐍃 𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼, 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉𐌽 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃.

     ei wairþaiþ sunjus attins izwaris þis in himinam, untē sunnōn seina urraneiþ ana ubilans jah gōdans, jah rigneiþ ana garaihtans.

     That ye may be the children of your Father which is in heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust. (KJV).

2. (transitive) to rain [+dative = with something]
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 17.29:[2]

     𐌹𐌸 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌴𐌹 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰 𐌿𐍃𐌹𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌰 𐌻𐍉𐌳 𐌿𐍃 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌼𐌹𐌼, 𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌱𐌻𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐌿𐌽𐌹𐌽 𐌿𐍃 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼.

     iþ þammei daga usiddja lōd us saudaumim, rignida swibla jah funin us himina jah fraqistida allaim.

     But the same day that Lot went out of Sodom it rained fire and brimstone from heaven, and destroyed them all. (KJV).

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 rignjan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰 rignja	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌰 rignida	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 rignjada
2nd singular	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃 rigneis	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 rignidēs	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 rignjaza
3rd singular	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 rigneiþ	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌰 rignida	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 rignjada
1st dual	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐍉𐍃 rignjōs	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 rignidēdu	—
2nd dual	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 rignjats	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 rignidēduts	—
1st plural	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌼 rignjam	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 rignidēdum	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 rignjanda
2nd plural	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 rigneiþ	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 rignidēduþ	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 rignjanda
3rd plural	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 rignjand	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 rignidēdun	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 rignjanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌿 rignjau	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 rignidēdjau	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 rignjaidau
2nd singular	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 rignjais	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 rignidēdeis	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 rignjaizau
3rd singular	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹 rignjai	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 rignidēdi	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 rignjaidau
1st dual	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 rignjaiwa	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 rignidēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 rignjaits	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 rignidēdeits	—
1st plural	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 rignjaima	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 rignidēdeima	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 rignjaindau
2nd plural	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 rignjaiþ	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 rignidēdeiþ	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 rignjaindau
3rd plural	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 rignjaina	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 rignidēdeina	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 rignjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌴𐌹 rignei
3rd singular	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 rignjadau
2nd dual	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 rignjats
2nd plural	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 rigneiþ
3rd plural	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 rignjandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 rignjands	𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌹𐌸𐍃 rigniþs

Related terms

• 𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽 (rign, “rain”)

See also

• 𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉 (watō, “water”)

References

1. Matthew chapter 5 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
2. Luke chapter 17 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 111