𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃
Gothic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *grasą, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, become green”). Cognate to Old English græs (“grass”), Old High German gras (“grass”), and related to Latin grāmen (“grass stalk”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɡras/
Noun
𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃 • (gras) n
- blade (narrow leaf of a grass or cereal.)
- 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Mark (Codex Argenteus) 4.28:[1]
- 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐍉 𐌰𐌿𐌺 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌸: 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃, 𐌸𐌰𐌸𐍂𐍉𐌷 𐌰𐌷𐍃, 𐌸𐌰𐌸𐍂𐍉𐌷 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌹𐌸 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌰𐌷𐍃𐌰.
- silbō auk airþa akran bairiþ: frumist gras, þaþrōh ahs, þaþrōh fulliþ kaurnis in þamma ahsa.
- For the earth bringeth forth fruit of herself; first the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear. (KJV).
- 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌱𐍉 𐌰𐌿𐌺 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌸: 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃, 𐌸𐌰𐌸𐍂𐍉𐌷 𐌰𐌷𐍃, 𐌸𐌰𐌸𐍂𐍉𐌷 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌹𐌸 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌰𐌷𐍃𐌰.
- herb (plant whose stem is not woody)
- 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Mark (Codex Argenteus) 4.32:[2]
- 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌳𐌰, 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌸 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌴 𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌿𐌽 𐌿𐍆 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 𐌹𐍃 𐍆𐌿𐌲𐌻𐍉𐍃 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌰𐌽.
- jah þan saiada, urrinniþ jah wairþiþ allaizē grasē maist jah gataujiþ astans mikilans, swaswē magun uf skadau is fuglōs himinis gabauan.
- But when it is sown, it groweth up, and becometh greater than all herbs, and shooteth out great branches; so that the fowls of the air may lodge under the shadow of it. (KJV).
- 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌳𐌰, 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌸 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌴 𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌿𐌽 𐌿𐍆 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 𐌹𐍃 𐍆𐌿𐌲𐌻𐍉𐍃 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌰𐌽.
- (uncountable) herbage (herbs collectively)
- 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Epistle to the Romans (Codex Ambrosianus A) 14.2:[3]
- 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃 𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌰; 𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐌿𐌽𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄, 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌹𐌸.
- sums raihtis galaubeiþ matjan allata; iþ saei unmahteigs ist, gras matjiþ.
- For one believeth that he may eat all things: another, who is weak, eateth herbs. (KJV).
- 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃 𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌰; 𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐌿𐌽𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄, 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌹𐌸.
Declension
Neuter a-stem | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃 gras | 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌰 grasa |
Vocative | 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃 gras | 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌰 grasa |
Accusative | 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃 gras | 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌰 grasa |
Genitive | 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌹𐍃 grasis | 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌴 grasē |
Dative | 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌰 grasa | 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃𐌰𐌼 grasam |
Hyponyms
- 𐌷𐌰𐍅𐌹 (hawi, “grass, hay”)
- 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍀𐌹𐍃 (sināpis, “mustard”)
Holonyms
- 𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 (ƕaiteis, “wheat”)
Coordinate terms
- 𐌰𐌹𐍈𐌰𐍄𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹 (aiƕatundi, “bramble”)
- 𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 (bagms, “tree”)
- 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus, “thorn”)
- 𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (nardus, “nard”)
- 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃 (raus, “cane”)
- 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿 (weinatriu, “vine”)
- 𐍅𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌼 (wigadeinōm, “thistle”)
References
- Mark chapter 4 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
- Mark chapter 4 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
- Romans chapter 14 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
- Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986), “G102. gras”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 159
Further reading
- Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 50