𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽

𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +‎ 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (swikunþs) +‎ -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan).

Verb

𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (gaswikunþjan) (perfective)

1. to make known
   • Gothic Bible, Mark 3:12:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍄 𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰.

     jah filu andabait ins ei ina ni gaswikunþidēdeina.

     And he straitly charged them that they should not make him known. (KJV)

2. to manifest
   • Gothic Bible, Luke 19:11:

     𐌰𐍄 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌼 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰, 𐌱𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌲𐌰𐌾𐌿𐌺𐍉𐌽, 𐌱𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌽𐌴𐍈𐌰 𐌹𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌼 𐍅𐌰𐍃, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌰 𐌹𐌼 𐌴𐌹 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰 𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌹 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌹 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽.

     at gahausjandam þan im þata, biaukands qaþ gajukōn, bi þatei nēƕa iairusalēm was, jah þuhta im ei suns skulda wēsi þiudangardi gudis gaswikunþjan.

     And as they heard these things, he added and spake a parable, because he was nigh to Jerusalem, and because they thought that the kingdom of God should immediately appear. (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 gaswikunþjan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰 gaswikunþja	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰 gaswikunþida	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 gaswikunþjada
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃 gaswikunþeis	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 gaswikunþidēs	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 gaswikunþjaza
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸 gaswikunþeiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰 gaswikunþida	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 gaswikunþjada
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐍉𐍃 gaswikunþjōs	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 gaswikunþidēdu	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 gaswikunþjats	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 gaswikunþidēduts	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌼 gaswikunþjam	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 gaswikunþidēdum	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gaswikunþjanda
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸 gaswikunþeiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 gaswikunþidēduþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gaswikunþjanda
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 gaswikunþjand	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 gaswikunþidēdun	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gaswikunþjanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌿 gaswikunþjau	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 gaswikunþidēdjau	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswikunþjaidau
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 gaswikunþjais	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 gaswikunþidēdeis	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 gaswikunþjaizau
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹 gaswikunþjai	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 gaswikunþidēdi	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswikunþjaidau
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 gaswikunþjaiwa	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 gaswikunþidēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 gaswikunþjaits	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 gaswikunþidēdeits	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 gaswikunþjaima	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 gaswikunþidēdeima	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswikunþjaindau
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 gaswikunþjaiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 gaswikunþidēdeiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswikunþjaindau
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 gaswikunþjaina	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 gaswikunþidēdeina	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswikunþjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌴𐌹 gaswikunþei
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswikunþjadau
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 gaswikunþjats
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸 gaswikunþeiþ
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gaswikunþjandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 gaswikunþjands	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌸𐍃 gaswikunþiþs

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 135