확실하다
Korean
Etymology
From 확실 (確實, hwaksil, “certainty”) and the native Korean adjective 하다 (hada, “to be a certain way”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[ɸwa̠kɕ͈iɾɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[확씰하다]
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Adjective
확실하다 • (hwaksilhada) (infinitive 확실해 or 확실하여, sequential 확실하니)
- To be certain or definite.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 확실하다 (hwaksilhada)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 확실하 (hwaksilha) |
| Stem 2 | 확실해 (hwaksilhae) |
| Stem 2a | 확실하여 (hwaksilhayeo) |
| Stem 3 | 확실하 (hwaksilha) |
| Conjugation type | Vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 확실하다 hwaksilhada | 확실해 hwaksilhae | 확실해요 hwaksilhaeyo | 확실합니다 hwaksilhamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 확실했다 hwaksilhaetda | 확실했어 hwaksilhaesseo | 확실했어요 hwaksilhaesseoyo | 확실했습니다 hwaksilhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 확실하냐 hwaksilhanya | 확실해 hwaksilhae | 확실해요 hwaksilhaeyo | 확실합니까 hwaksilhamnikka |
| Past | 확실했냐 hwaksilhaennya | 확실했어 hwaksilhaesseo | 확실했어요 hwaksilhaesseoyo | 확실했습니까 hwaksilhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 확실하겠다 hwaksilhagetda | 확실하겠어 hwaksilhagesseo | 확실하겠어요 hwaksilhagesseoyo | 확실하겠습니다 hwaksilhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 확실해 hwaksilhae | 확실해서, 확실하여서 hwaksilhaeseo, hwaksilhayeoseo | 확실하니 hwaksilhani | 확실하니까 hwaksilhanikka | |
| Contrast | 확실하지만 hwaksilhajiman | 확실한데 hwaksilhande | 확실하더니 hwaksilhadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 확실하고 hwaksilhago | ||||
| Condition | 확실하면 hwaksilhamyeon | 확실해야, 확실하여야 hwaksilhaeya, hwaksilhayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 확실함 hwaksilham | 확실하기 hwaksilhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 확실했음, 확실하였음 hwaksilhaesseum, hwaksilhayeosseum | 확실했기, 확실하였기 hwaksilhaetgi, hwaksilhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 확실한 hwaksilhan | |||
| Future | 확실할 hwaksilhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 확실하시다 hwaksilhasida | 확실하셔 hwaksilhasyeo | 확실하세요, 확실하셔요 hwaksilhaseyo, hwaksilhasyeoyo | 확실하십니다 hwaksilhasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 확실하셨다 hwaksilhasyeotda | 확실하셨어 hwaksilhasyeosseo | 확실하셨어요 hwaksilhasyeosseoyo | 확실하셨습니다 hwaksilhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 확실하시냐 hwaksilhasinya | 확실하셔 hwaksilhasyeo | 확실하세요, 확실하셔요 hwaksilhaseyo, hwaksilhasyeoyo | 확실하십니까 hwaksilhasimnikka |
| Past | 확실하셨냐 hwaksilhasyeonnya | 확실하셨어 hwaksilhasyeosseo | 확실하셨어요 hwaksilhasyeosseoyo | 확실하셨습니까 hwaksilhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 확실하시겠다 hwaksilhasigetda | 확실하시겠어 hwaksilhasigesseo | 확실하시겠어요 hwaksilhasigesseoyo | 확실하시겠습니다 hwaksilhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 확실하셔 hwaksilhasyeo | 확실하셔서 hwaksilhasyeoseo | 확실하시니 hwaksilhasini | 확실하시니까 hwaksilhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 확실하시지만 hwaksilhasijiman | 확실하신데 hwaksilhasinde | 확실하시더니 hwaksilhasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 확실하시고 hwaksilhasigo | ||||
| Condition | 확실하시면 hwaksilhasimyeon | 확실하셔야 hwaksilhasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 확실하심 hwaksilhasim | 확실하시기 hwaksilhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 확실하셨음 hwaksilhasyeosseum | 확실하셨기 hwaksilhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 확실하신 hwaksilhasin | |||
| Future | 확실하실 hwaksilhasil | ||||
Related terms
- 확실히 (hwaksilhi, “assuredly”)