향하다
Korean
Etymology
Sino-Korean word from 向 (“toward”)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[çja̠ŋɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[향하다]
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Verb
향하다 • (hyanghada) (infinitive 향해 or 향하여, sequential 향하니, hanja 向하다)
- to go towards, to make for
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 향하다 (hyanghada)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 향하 (hyangha) |
| Stem 2 | 향해 (hyanghae) |
| Stem 2a | 향하여 (hyanghayeo) |
| Stem 3 | 향하 (hyangha) |
| Conjugation type | Vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 향한다 hyanghanda | 향해 hyanghae | 향해요 hyanghaeyo | 향합니다 hyanghamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 향했다 hyanghaetda | 향했어 hyanghaesseo | 향했어요 hyanghaesseoyo | 향했습니다 hyanghaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 향하느냐 hyanghaneunya | 향해 hyanghae | 향해요 hyanghaeyo | 향합니까 hyanghamnikka |
| Past | 향했느냐 hyanghaenneunya | 향했어 hyanghaesseo | 향했어요 hyanghaesseoyo | 향했습니까 hyanghaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 향하자 hyanghaja | 향해 hyanghae | 향해요 hyanghaeyo | 향합시다 hyanghapsida | |
| Imperative | 향해라, 향하여라 hyanghaera, hyanghayeora | 향해 hyanghae | 향해요 hyanghaeyo | 향합시오 hyanghapsio | |
| Assertive | 향하겠다 hyanghagetda | 향하겠어 hyanghagesseo | 향하겠어요 hyanghagesseoyo | 향하겠습니다 hyanghagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 향해 hyanghae | 향해서, 향하여서 hyanghaeseo, hyanghayeoseo | 향하니 hyanghani | 향하니까 hyanghanikka | |
| Contrast | 향하지만 hyanghajiman | 향하는데 hyanghaneunde | 향하더니 hyanghadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 향하고 hyanghago | ||||
| Condition | 향하면 hyanghamyeon | 향해야, 향하여야 hyanghaeya, hyanghayeoya | |||
| Motive | 향하려고 hyangharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 향함 hyangham | 향하기 hyanghagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 향했음, 향하였음 hyanghaesseum, hyanghayeosseum | 향했기, 향하였기 hyanghaetgi, hyanghayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 향한 hyanghan | |||
| Present | 향하는 hyanghaneun | ||||
| Future | 향할 hyanghal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 향하신다 hyanghasinda | 향하셔 hyanghasyeo | 향하세요, 향하셔요 hyanghaseyo, hyanghasyeoyo | 향하십니다 hyanghasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 향하셨다 hyanghasyeotda | 향하셨어 hyanghasyeosseo | 향하셨어요 hyanghasyeosseoyo | 향하셨습니다 hyanghasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 향하시느냐 hyanghasineunya | 향하셔 hyanghasyeo | 향하세요, 향하셔요 hyanghaseyo, hyanghasyeoyo | 향하십니까 hyanghasimnikka |
| Past | 향하셨느냐 hyanghasyeonneunya | 향하셨어 hyanghasyeosseo | 향하셨어요 hyanghasyeosseoyo | 향하셨습니까 hyanghasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 향하시라 hyanghasira | 향하셔 hyanghasyeo | 향하세요 hyanghaseyo | 향하십시오 hyanghasipsio | |
| Assertive | 향하시겠다 hyanghasigetda | 향하시겠어 hyanghasigesseo | 향하시겠어요 hyanghasigesseoyo | 향하시겠습니다 hyanghasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 향하셔 hyanghasyeo | 향하셔서 hyanghasyeoseo | 향하시니 hyanghasini | 향하시니까 hyanghasinikka | |
| Contrast | 향하시지만 hyanghasijiman | 향하시는데 hyanghasineunde | 향하시더니 hyanghasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 향하시고 hyanghasigo | ||||
| Condition | 향하시면 hyanghasimyeon | 향하셔야 hyanghasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 향하시려고 hyanghasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 향하심 hyanghasim | 향하시기 hyanghasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 향하셨음 hyanghasyeosseum | 향하셨기 hyanghasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 향하신 hyanghasin | |||
| Present | 향하시는 hyanghasineun | ||||
| Future | 향하실 hyanghasil | ||||