취하다
Korean
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈt͡ɕʰɥi(ː)ɦa̠da̠] ~ [ˈt͡ɕʰy(ː)ɦa̠da̠]
(file)
- Phonetic hangul: [취(ː)하다]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | chwihada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | chwihada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ch'wihada |
| Yale Romanization? | chwīhata |
Etymology 1
From Middle Korean ᄎᆔ〯ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: cywǔy-hòtá).
취(醉) (chwi, “drunken”) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Verb
취하다 • (chwihada) (infinitive 취해 or 취하여, sequential 취하니, hanja 醉하다) (intransitive)
- to get drunk, to become intoxicated
- 오늘 밤은 술에 취하지 말거라.
- Oneul bam-eun sur-e chwihaji malgeora.
- [You] better not get drunk tonight.
- 1812, “Song 247”, in 청구영언 장서각본/靑丘永言藏書閣本 [Jangseogak edition of the Cheonggu yeong'eon]:
- 酒色을 삼가란 말이 녯사ᄅᆞᆷ의 警誡로되
踏靑 登高節에 벗님네 ᄃᆞ리고 詩句를 읇흘 제 滿樽香醪를 아니 醉코 어이 ᄒᆞ며
旅館에 寒燈을 對ᄒᆞ여 獨不眠ᄒᆞᆯ 적의 玉人을 만나 아니 자고 어이 ᄒᆞ리- jyusaeg-eul samgaran mar-i nyetsaram-ui gyeonggye-rodoe
dapchyeong deunggojyeor-e beonnim-ne darigo sigu-reul eulpeul je manjyunhyangnyo-reul ani chwiko eoi hamyeo
nyeogwan-e handeung-eul daehayeo dokbulmyeonhal jeog-ui ogin-eul manna ani jago eoi hari - Though it is the warning of the old to refrain from women and wine
when I recite poems with my friends on the Double Third and Double Ninth, with a gobletful of fragrant wine about, what could I do if not get drunk
and when I face the cold lamps at some inn—alone unable to sleep—and I meet a jade-like beauty then, what could I do if not sleep with her?
- jyusaeg-eul samgaran mar-i nyetsaram-ui gyeonggye-rodoe
- (figuratively) to be intoxicated, to be enchanted (by), to be immersed (in)
- Synonym: 도취(陶醉)하다 (dochwihada)
- 그녀의 아름다움에 흠뻑 취했다.
- Geunyeo-ui areumdaum-e heumppeok chwihaetda.
- [He] was hopelessly enchanted by her beauty.
- 음악에 취하다 ― eumag-e chwihada ― to “get lost” in the music
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 취하다 (chwihada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 취한다 chwihanda | 취해 chwihae | 취해요 chwihaeyo | 취합니다 chwihamnida |
| Past | 취했다 chwihaetda | 취했어 chwihaesseo | 취했어요 chwihaesseoyo | 취했습니다 chwihaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 취하느냐 chwihaneunya | 취해 chwihae | 취해요 chwihaeyo | 취합니까 chwihamnikka |
| Past | 취했느냐 chwihaenneunya | 취했어 chwihaesseo | 취했어요 chwihaesseoyo | 취했습니까 chwihaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 취하자 chwihaja | 취해 chwihae | 취해요 chwihaeyo | 취합시다 chwihapsida | |
| Imperative | 취해라, 취하여라 chwihaera, chwihayeora | 취해 chwihae | 취해요 chwihaeyo | 취합시오 chwihapsio | |
| Assertive | 취하겠다 chwihagetda | 취하겠어 chwihagesseo | 취하겠어요 chwihagesseoyo | 취하겠습니다 chwihagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 취해 chwihae | 취해서, 취하여서 chwihaeseo, chwihayeoseo | 취하니 chwihani | 취하니까 chwihanikka | |
| Contrast | 취하지만 chwihajiman | 취하는데 chwihaneunde | 취하더니 chwihadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 취하고 chwihago | ||||
| Condition | 취하면 chwihamyeon | 취해야, 취하여야 chwihaeya, chwihayeoya | |||
| Motive | 취하려고 chwiharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 취함 chwiham | 취하기 chwihagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 취했음, 취하였음 chwihaesseum, chwihayeosseum | 취했기, 취하였기 chwihaetgi, chwihayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 취한 chwihan | |||
| Present | 취하는 chwihaneun | ||||
| Future | 취할 chwihal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 취하신다 chwihasinda | 취하셔 chwihasyeo | 취하세요, 취하셔요 chwihaseyo, chwihasyeoyo | 취하십니다 chwihasimnida |
| Past | 취하셨다 chwihasyeotda | 취하셨어 chwihasyeosseo | 취하셨어요 chwihasyeosseoyo | 취하셨습니다 chwihasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 취하시느냐 chwihasineunya | 취하셔 chwihasyeo | 취하세요, 취하셔요 chwihaseyo, chwihasyeoyo | 취하십니까 chwihasimnikka |
| Past | 취하셨느냐 chwihasyeonneunya | 취하셨어 chwihasyeosseo | 취하셨어요 chwihasyeosseoyo | 취하셨습니까 chwihasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 취하시라 chwihasira | 취하셔 chwihasyeo | 취하세요 chwihaseyo | 취하십시오 chwihasipsio | |
| Assertive | 취하시겠다 chwihasigetda | 취하시겠어 chwihasigesseo | 취하시겠어요 chwihasigesseoyo | 취하시겠습니다 chwihasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 취하셔 chwihasyeo | 취하셔서 chwihasyeoseo | 취하시니 chwihasini | 취하시니까 chwihasinikka | |
| Contrast | 취하시지만 chwihasijiman | 취하시는데 chwihasineunde | 취하시더니 chwihasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 취하시고 chwihasigo | ||||
| Condition | 취하시면 chwihasimyeon | 취하셔야 chwihasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 취하시려고 chwihasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 취하심 chwihasim | 취하시기 chwihasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 취하셨음 chwihasyeosseum | 취하셨기 chwihasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 취하신 chwihasin | |||
| Present | 취하시는 chwihasineun | ||||
| Future | 취하실 chwihasil | ||||
Alternative forms
- ᄎᆔ(醉)ᄒᆞ다 (chywihada) – Early Modern
Etymology 2
취(取) (chwi, “taking up”) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Verb
취하다 • (chwihada) (infinitive 취해 or 취하여, sequential 취하니, hanja 取하다) (transitive)
- to take up, to acquire
- 적당량의 휴식을 취하다
- jeokdangnyang-ui hyusig-eul chwihada
- to take an adequate amount of rest
- 강경한 태도를 취하다
- ganggyeonghan taedo-reul chwihada
- to take a strong stance
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 취하다 (chwihada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 취한다 chwihanda | 취해 chwihae | 취해요 chwihaeyo | 취합니다 chwihamnida |
| Past | 취했다 chwihaetda | 취했어 chwihaesseo | 취했어요 chwihaesseoyo | 취했습니다 chwihaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 취하느냐 chwihaneunya | 취해 chwihae | 취해요 chwihaeyo | 취합니까 chwihamnikka |
| Past | 취했느냐 chwihaenneunya | 취했어 chwihaesseo | 취했어요 chwihaesseoyo | 취했습니까 chwihaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 취하자 chwihaja | 취해 chwihae | 취해요 chwihaeyo | 취합시다 chwihapsida | |
| Imperative | 취해라, 취하여라 chwihaera, chwihayeora | 취해 chwihae | 취해요 chwihaeyo | 취합시오 chwihapsio | |
| Assertive | 취하겠다 chwihagetda | 취하겠어 chwihagesseo | 취하겠어요 chwihagesseoyo | 취하겠습니다 chwihagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 취해 chwihae | 취해서, 취하여서 chwihaeseo, chwihayeoseo | 취하니 chwihani | 취하니까 chwihanikka | |
| Contrast | 취하지만 chwihajiman | 취하는데 chwihaneunde | 취하더니 chwihadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 취하고 chwihago | ||||
| Condition | 취하면 chwihamyeon | 취해야, 취하여야 chwihaeya, chwihayeoya | |||
| Motive | 취하려고 chwiharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 취함 chwiham | 취하기 chwihagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 취했음, 취하였음 chwihaesseum, chwihayeosseum | 취했기, 취하였기 chwihaetgi, chwihayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 취한 chwihan | |||
| Present | 취하는 chwihaneun | ||||
| Future | 취할 chwihal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 취하신다 chwihasinda | 취하셔 chwihasyeo | 취하세요, 취하셔요 chwihaseyo, chwihasyeoyo | 취하십니다 chwihasimnida |
| Past | 취하셨다 chwihasyeotda | 취하셨어 chwihasyeosseo | 취하셨어요 chwihasyeosseoyo | 취하셨습니다 chwihasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 취하시느냐 chwihasineunya | 취하셔 chwihasyeo | 취하세요, 취하셔요 chwihaseyo, chwihasyeoyo | 취하십니까 chwihasimnikka |
| Past | 취하셨느냐 chwihasyeonneunya | 취하셨어 chwihasyeosseo | 취하셨어요 chwihasyeosseoyo | 취하셨습니까 chwihasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 취하시라 chwihasira | 취하셔 chwihasyeo | 취하세요 chwihaseyo | 취하십시오 chwihasipsio | |
| Assertive | 취하시겠다 chwihasigetda | 취하시겠어 chwihasigesseo | 취하시겠어요 chwihasigesseoyo | 취하시겠습니다 chwihasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 취하셔 chwihasyeo | 취하셔서 chwihasyeoseo | 취하시니 chwihasini | 취하시니까 chwihasinikka | |
| Contrast | 취하시지만 chwihasijiman | 취하시는데 chwihasineunde | 취하시더니 chwihasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 취하시고 chwihasigo | ||||
| Condition | 취하시면 chwihasimyeon | 취하셔야 chwihasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 취하시려고 chwihasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 취하심 chwihasim | 취하시기 chwihasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 취하셨음 chwihasyeosseum | 취하셨기 chwihasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 취하신 chwihasin | |||
| Present | 취하시는 chwihasineun | ||||
| Future | 취하실 chwihasil | ||||