쬐다
Korean
Alternative forms
- 쪼이다 (jjoida)
Etymology
First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄧᅬ〯다〮 (Yale: pcwǒy-tá).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈt͡ɕ͈we̞(ː)da̠] ~ [ˈt͡ɕ͈ø̞(ː)da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [쮀(ː)다/쬐(ː)다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | jjoeda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | jjoeda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | tchoeda |
| Yale Romanization? | ccōyta |
Verb
| Base | 쬐다 (jjoeda) |
|---|---|
| Causative | 쬐이다 (jjoeida) |
쬐다 • (jjoeda) (infinitive 쫴 or 쬐어, sequential 쬐니)
- (intransitive, of sunlight, etc.) to shine, to glare
- 햇볕이 쬐다
- haetbyeoch-i jjoeda
- for sunlight to shine
- (transitive) to bask (in the sun, by a fire, etc.)
- 햇볕을 쬐다
- haetbyeot-eul jjoeda
- to bask in the sun
- 모닥불을 쬐다
- modakbur-eul jjoeda
- to warm oneself by a campfire
- (transitive) to irradiate (a beam, wave, etc.)
- 광선을 쬐다
- gwangseon-eul jjoeda
- to irradiate a beam
- 방사선을 쬐다
- bangsaseon-eul jjoeda
- to apply radiation
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 쬐다 (jjoeda): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 쬔다 jjoenda | 쫴 jjwae | 쫴요, 쬐어요 jjwaeyo, jjoeeoyo | 쬡니다 jjoemnida |
| Past | 쬈다 jjwaetda | 쬈어 jjwaesseo | 쬈어요 jjwaesseoyo | 쬈습니다 jjwaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 쬐느냐 jjoeneunya | 쫴 jjwae | 쫴요, 쬐어요 jjwaeyo, jjoeeoyo | 쬡니까 jjoemnikka |
| Past | 쬈느냐 jjwaenneunya | 쬈어 jjwaesseo | 쬈어요 jjwaesseoyo | 쬈습니까 jjwaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 쬐자 jjoeja | 쫴 jjwae | 쫴요, 쬐어요 jjwaeyo, jjoeeoyo | 쬡시다 jjoepsida | |
| Imperative | 쫴라, 쬐어라 jjwaera, jjoeeora | 쫴 jjwae | 쫴요, 쬐어요 jjwaeyo, jjoeeoyo | 쬡시오 jjoepsio | |
| Assertive | 쬐겠다 jjoegetda | 쬐겠어 jjoegesseo | 쬐겠어요 jjoegesseoyo | 쬐겠습니다 jjoegetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 쫴 jjwae | 쫴서, 쬐어서 jjwaeseo, jjoeeoseo | 쬐니 jjoeni | 쬐니까 jjoenikka | |
| Contrast | 쬐지만 jjoejiman | 쬐는데 jjoeneunde | 쬐더니 jjoedeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 쬐고 jjoego | ||||
| Condition | 쬐면 jjoemyeon | 쫴야, 쬐어야 jjwaeya, jjoeeoya | |||
| Motive | 쬐려고 jjoeryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 쬠 jjoem | 쬐기 jjoegi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 쬈음, 쬐었음 jjwaesseum, jjoeeosseum | 쬈기, 쬐었기 jjwaetgi, jjoeeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 쬔 jjoen | |||
| Present | 쬐는 jjoeneun | ||||
| Future | 쬘 jjoel | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 쬐신다 jjoesinda | 쬐셔 jjoesyeo | 쬐세요, 쬐셔요 jjoeseyo, jjoesyeoyo | 쬐십니다 jjoesimnida |
| Past | 쬐셨다 jjoesyeotda | 쬐셨어 jjoesyeosseo | 쬐셨어요 jjoesyeosseoyo | 쬐셨습니다 jjoesyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 쬐시느냐 jjoesineunya | 쬐셔 jjoesyeo | 쬐세요, 쬐셔요 jjoeseyo, jjoesyeoyo | 쬐십니까 jjoesimnikka |
| Past | 쬐셨느냐 jjoesyeonneunya | 쬐셨어 jjoesyeosseo | 쬐셨어요 jjoesyeosseoyo | 쬐셨습니까 jjoesyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 쬐시라 jjoesira | 쬐셔 jjoesyeo | 쬐세요 jjoeseyo | 쬐십시오 jjoesipsio | |
| Assertive | 쬐시겠다 jjoesigetda | 쬐시겠어 jjoesigesseo | 쬐시겠어요 jjoesigesseoyo | 쬐시겠습니다 jjoesigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 쬐셔 jjoesyeo | 쬐셔서 jjoesyeoseo | 쬐시니 jjoesini | 쬐시니까 jjoesinikka | |
| Contrast | 쬐시지만 jjoesijiman | 쬐시는데 jjoesineunde | 쬐시더니 jjoesideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 쬐시고 jjoesigo | ||||
| Condition | 쬐시면 jjoesimyeon | 쬐셔야 jjoesyeoya | |||
| Motive | 쬐시려고 jjoesiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 쬐심 jjoesim | 쬐시기 jjoesigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 쬐셨음 jjoesyeosseum | 쬐셨기 jjoesyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 쬐신 jjoesin | |||
| Present | 쬐시는 jjoesineun | ||||
| Future | 쬐실 jjoesil | ||||
Derived terms
- 내리쬐다 (naerijjoeda)