째다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄧᆡ〮다〮 (Yale: pcóy-tá).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈt͡ɕ͈ɛ(ː)da̠] ~ [ˈt͡ɕ͈e̞(ː)da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [째(ː)다/쩨(ː)다]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | jjaeda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | jjaeda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | tchaeda |
| Yale Romanization? | ccāyta |
Verb
째다 • (jjaeda) (infinitive 째 or 째어, sequential 째니)
- (transitive, also figuratively) to cleave, to cut/tear (open)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 째다 (jjaeda): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 짼다 jjaenda | 째 jjae | 째요, 째어요 jjaeyo, jjaeeoyo | 쨉니다 jjaemnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 쨌다 jjaetda | 쨌어 jjaesseo | 쨌어요 jjaesseoyo | 쨌습니다 jjaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 째느냐 jjaeneunya | 째 jjae | 째요, 째어요 jjaeyo, jjaeeoyo | 쨉니까 jjaemnikka |
| Past | 쨌느냐 jjaenneunya | 쨌어 jjaesseo | 쨌어요 jjaesseoyo | 쨌습니까 jjaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 째자 jjaeja | 째 jjae | 째요, 째어요 jjaeyo, jjaeeoyo | 쨉시다 jjaepsida | |
| Imperative | 째라, 째어라 jjaera, jjaeeora | 째 jjae | 째요, 째어요 jjaeyo, jjaeeoyo | 쨉시오 jjaepsio | |
| Assertive | 째겠다 jjaegetda | 째겠어 jjaegesseo | 째겠어요 jjaegesseoyo | 째겠습니다 jjaegetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 째 jjae | 째서, 째어서 jjaeseo, jjaeeoseo | 째니 jjaeni | 째니까 jjaenikka | |
| Contrast | 째지만 jjaejiman | 째는데 jjaeneunde | 째더니 jjaedeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 째고 jjaego | ||||
| Condition | 째면 jjaemyeon | 째야, 째어야 jjaeya, jjaeeoya | |||
| Motive | 째려고 jjaeryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 쨈 jjaem | 째기 jjaegi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 쨌음, 째었음 jjaesseum, jjaeeosseum | 쨌기, 째었기 jjaetgi, jjaeeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 짼 jjaen | |||
| Present | 째는 jjaeneun | ||||
| Future | 쨀 jjael | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 째신다 jjaesinda | 째셔 jjaesyeo | 째세요, 째셔요 jjaeseyo, jjaesyeoyo | 째십니다 jjaesimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 째셨다 jjaesyeotda | 째셨어 jjaesyeosseo | 째셨어요 jjaesyeosseoyo | 째셨습니다 jjaesyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 째시느냐 jjaesineunya | 째셔 jjaesyeo | 째세요, 째셔요 jjaeseyo, jjaesyeoyo | 째십니까 jjaesimnikka |
| Past | 째셨느냐 jjaesyeonneunya | 째셨어 jjaesyeosseo | 째셨어요 jjaesyeosseoyo | 째셨습니까 jjaesyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 째시라 jjaesira | 째셔 jjaesyeo | 째세요 jjaeseyo | 째십시오 jjaesipsio | |
| Assertive | 째시겠다 jjaesigetda | 째시겠어 jjaesigesseo | 째시겠어요 jjaesigesseoyo | 째시겠습니다 jjaesigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 째셔 jjaesyeo | 째셔서 jjaesyeoseo | 째시니 jjaesini | 째시니까 jjaesinikka | |
| Contrast | 째시지만 jjaesijiman | 째시는데 jjaesineunde | 째시더니 jjaesideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 째시고 jjaesigo | ||||
| Condition | 째시면 jjaesimyeon | 째셔야 jjaesyeoya | |||
| Motive | 째시려고 jjaesiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 째심 jjaesim | 째시기 jjaesigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 째셨음 jjaesyeosseum | 째셨기 jjaesyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 째신 jjaesin | |||
| Present | 째시는 jjaesineun | ||||
| Future | 째실 jjaesil | ||||