종용하다
Korean
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞ŋjoŋɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [종용하다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | jong'yonghada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | jong'yonghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | chongyonghada |
| Yale Romanization? | congyonghata |
Etymology 1
From 종용(從容) (jong'yong, “calm”) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Adjective
종용하다 • (jong'yonghada) (infinitive 종용해 or 종용하여, sequential 종용하니)
- calm, unhurried, leisurely
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 종용하다 (jong'yonghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 종용하다 jong'yonghada | 종용해 jong'yonghae | 종용해요 jong'yonghaeyo | 종용합니다 jong'yonghamnida |
| Past | 종용했다 jong'yonghaetda | 종용했어 jong'yonghaesseo | 종용했어요 jong'yonghaesseoyo | 종용했습니다 jong'yonghaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 종용하냐 jong'yonghanya | 종용해 jong'yonghae | 종용해요 jong'yonghaeyo | 종용합니까 jong'yonghamnikka |
| Past | 종용했냐 jong'yonghaennya | 종용했어 jong'yonghaesseo | 종용했어요 jong'yonghaesseoyo | 종용했습니까 jong'yonghaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 종용하겠다 jong'yonghagetda | 종용하겠어 jong'yonghagesseo | 종용하겠어요 jong'yonghagesseoyo | 종용하겠습니다 jong'yonghagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 종용해 jong'yonghae | 종용해서, 종용하여서 jong'yonghaeseo, jong'yonghayeoseo | 종용하니 jong'yonghani | 종용하니까 jong'yonghanikka | |
| Contrast | 종용하지만 jong'yonghajiman | 종용한데 jong'yonghande | 종용하더니 jong'yonghadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 종용하고 jong'yonghago | ||||
| Condition | 종용하면 jong'yonghamyeon | 종용해야, 종용하여야 jong'yonghaeya, jong'yonghayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 종용함 jong'yongham | 종용하기 jong'yonghagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 종용했음, 종용하였음 jong'yonghaesseum, jong'yonghayeosseum | 종용했기, 종용하였기 jong'yonghaetgi, jong'yonghayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 종용한 jong'yonghan | |||
| Future | 종용할 jong'yonghal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 종용하시다 jong'yonghasida | 종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo | 종용하세요, 종용하셔요 jong'yonghaseyo, jong'yonghasyeoyo | 종용하십니다 jong'yonghasimnida |
| Past | 종용하셨다 jong'yonghasyeotda | 종용하셨어 jong'yonghasyeosseo | 종용하셨어요 jong'yonghasyeosseoyo | 종용하셨습니다 jong'yonghasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 종용하시냐 jong'yonghasinya | 종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo | 종용하세요, 종용하셔요 jong'yonghaseyo, jong'yonghasyeoyo | 종용하십니까 jong'yonghasimnikka |
| Past | 종용하셨냐 jong'yonghasyeonnya | 종용하셨어 jong'yonghasyeosseo | 종용하셨어요 jong'yonghasyeosseoyo | 종용하셨습니까 jong'yonghasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 종용하시겠다 jong'yonghasigetda | 종용하시겠어 jong'yonghasigesseo | 종용하시겠어요 jong'yonghasigesseoyo | 종용하시겠습니다 jong'yonghasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo | 종용하셔서 jong'yonghasyeoseo | 종용하시니 jong'yonghasini | 종용하시니까 jong'yonghasinikka | |
| Contrast | 종용하시지만 jong'yonghasijiman | 종용하신데 jong'yonghasinde | 종용하시더니 jong'yonghasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 종용하시고 jong'yonghasigo | ||||
| Condition | 종용하시면 jong'yonghasimyeon | 종용하셔야 jong'yonghasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 종용하심 jong'yonghasim | 종용하시기 jong'yonghasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 종용하셨음 jong'yonghasyeosseum | 종용하셨기 jong'yonghasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 종용하신 jong'yonghasin | |||
| Future | 종용하실 jong'yonghasil | ||||
Etymology 2
From 종용(慫慂) (jong'yong, “urging, pressuring, inducement”) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Verb
종용하다 • (jong'yonghada) (infinitive 종용해 or 종용하여, sequential 종용하니)
- (transitive) to urge, pressure, coax, provoke, induce (to), push (to)
- 투항할 것을 종용하다 ― tuhanghal geos-eul jong'yonghada ― to urge (someone) to surrender something
- 철수를 종용하다 ― cheolsu-reul jong'yonghada ― to push for an evacuation
- 그들은 아들에게 대학을 마치기를 종용했다.
- Geudeur-eun adeur-ege daehag-eul machigi-reul jong'yonghaetda.
- They prevailed on their son to finish university.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 종용하다 (jong'yonghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 종용한다 jong'yonghanda | 종용해 jong'yonghae | 종용해요 jong'yonghaeyo | 종용합니다 jong'yonghamnida |
| Past | 종용했다 jong'yonghaetda | 종용했어 jong'yonghaesseo | 종용했어요 jong'yonghaesseoyo | 종용했습니다 jong'yonghaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 종용하느냐 jong'yonghaneunya | 종용해 jong'yonghae | 종용해요 jong'yonghaeyo | 종용합니까 jong'yonghamnikka |
| Past | 종용했느냐 jong'yonghaenneunya | 종용했어 jong'yonghaesseo | 종용했어요 jong'yonghaesseoyo | 종용했습니까 jong'yonghaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 종용하자 jong'yonghaja | 종용해 jong'yonghae | 종용해요 jong'yonghaeyo | 종용합시다 jong'yonghapsida | |
| Imperative | 종용해라, 종용하여라 jong'yonghaera, jong'yonghayeora | 종용해 jong'yonghae | 종용해요 jong'yonghaeyo | 종용합시오 jong'yonghapsio | |
| Assertive | 종용하겠다 jong'yonghagetda | 종용하겠어 jong'yonghagesseo | 종용하겠어요 jong'yonghagesseoyo | 종용하겠습니다 jong'yonghagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 종용해 jong'yonghae | 종용해서, 종용하여서 jong'yonghaeseo, jong'yonghayeoseo | 종용하니 jong'yonghani | 종용하니까 jong'yonghanikka | |
| Contrast | 종용하지만 jong'yonghajiman | 종용하는데 jong'yonghaneunde | 종용하더니 jong'yonghadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 종용하고 jong'yonghago | ||||
| Condition | 종용하면 jong'yonghamyeon | 종용해야, 종용하여야 jong'yonghaeya, jong'yonghayeoya | |||
| Motive | 종용하려고 jong'yongharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 종용함 jong'yongham | 종용하기 jong'yonghagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 종용했음, 종용하였음 jong'yonghaesseum, jong'yonghayeosseum | 종용했기, 종용하였기 jong'yonghaetgi, jong'yonghayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 종용한 jong'yonghan | |||
| Present | 종용하는 jong'yonghaneun | ||||
| Future | 종용할 jong'yonghal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 종용하신다 jong'yonghasinda | 종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo | 종용하세요, 종용하셔요 jong'yonghaseyo, jong'yonghasyeoyo | 종용하십니다 jong'yonghasimnida |
| Past | 종용하셨다 jong'yonghasyeotda | 종용하셨어 jong'yonghasyeosseo | 종용하셨어요 jong'yonghasyeosseoyo | 종용하셨습니다 jong'yonghasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 종용하시느냐 jong'yonghasineunya | 종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo | 종용하세요, 종용하셔요 jong'yonghaseyo, jong'yonghasyeoyo | 종용하십니까 jong'yonghasimnikka |
| Past | 종용하셨느냐 jong'yonghasyeonneunya | 종용하셨어 jong'yonghasyeosseo | 종용하셨어요 jong'yonghasyeosseoyo | 종용하셨습니까 jong'yonghasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 종용하시라 jong'yonghasira | 종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo | 종용하세요 jong'yonghaseyo | 종용하십시오 jong'yonghasipsio | |
| Assertive | 종용하시겠다 jong'yonghasigetda | 종용하시겠어 jong'yonghasigesseo | 종용하시겠어요 jong'yonghasigesseoyo | 종용하시겠습니다 jong'yonghasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo | 종용하셔서 jong'yonghasyeoseo | 종용하시니 jong'yonghasini | 종용하시니까 jong'yonghasinikka | |
| Contrast | 종용하시지만 jong'yonghasijiman | 종용하시는데 jong'yonghasineunde | 종용하시더니 jong'yonghasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 종용하시고 jong'yonghasigo | ||||
| Condition | 종용하시면 jong'yonghasimyeon | 종용하셔야 jong'yonghasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 종용하시려고 jong'yonghasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 종용하심 jong'yonghasim | 종용하시기 jong'yonghasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 종용하셨음 jong'yonghasyeosseum | 종용하셨기 jong'yonghasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 종용하신 jong'yonghasin | |||
| Present | 종용하시는 jong'yonghasineun | ||||
| Future | 종용하실 jong'yonghasil | ||||