잔원하다
Korean
Etymology
잔원(潺湲) (janwon) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕa̠nwʌ̹nɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [자눤하다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | janwonhada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | jan'wonhada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | chanwŏnhada |
| Yale Romanization? | can.wen.hata |
Adjective
잔원하다 • (janwonhada) (infinitive 잔원해 or 잔원하여, sequential 잔원하니)
- (literary, of a stream or river) to be calm, to be still, to be quiet
- 1908, 구연학／具然學 [Gu Yeonhak], chapter 8, in 雪中梅 [Plum Blossoms in the Snow]:
- 졈졈 산이 놉고 골이 깁허 구뷔구뷔 시ᄂᆡ물은 잔원ᄒᆞ고 즁즁ᄒᆞᆫ 슈목은 참치ᄒᆞ야 풍경이 쳥슈ᄒᆞ니 가장 별유텬지에 이른 듯ᄒᆞ더라
- jeomjeom san-i nopgo gor-i gipheo gubwigubwi sinaemur-eun janwon-hago jungjung-han syumog-eun chamchi-haya punggyeong-i cheongsyu-hani gajang byeoryutyeonji-e ireun deut-hadeora
- The mountains and valleys gradually became taller and deeper; a calm stream meandered through them and they were lush with trees of varying heights. The beautiful scenery was as if it lay in another world completely.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 잔원하다 (janwonhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 잔원하다 janwonhada | 잔원해 janwonhae | 잔원해요 janwonhaeyo | 잔원합니다 janwonhamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 잔원했다 janwonhaetda | 잔원했어 janwonhaesseo | 잔원했어요 janwonhaesseoyo | 잔원했습니다 janwonhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 잔원하냐 janwonhanya | 잔원해 janwonhae | 잔원해요 janwonhaeyo | 잔원합니까 janwonhamnikka |
| Past | 잔원했냐 janwonhaennya | 잔원했어 janwonhaesseo | 잔원했어요 janwonhaesseoyo | 잔원했습니까 janwonhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 잔원하겠다 janwonhagetda | 잔원하겠어 janwonhagesseo | 잔원하겠어요 janwonhagesseoyo | 잔원하겠습니다 janwonhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 잔원해 janwonhae | 잔원해서, 잔원하여서 janwonhaeseo, janwonhayeoseo | 잔원하니 janwonhani | 잔원하니까 janwonhanikka | |
| Contrast | 잔원하지만 janwonhajiman | 잔원한데 janwonhande | 잔원하더니 janwonhadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 잔원하고 janwonhago | ||||
| Condition | 잔원하면 janwonhamyeon | 잔원해야, 잔원하여야 janwonhaeya, janwonhayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 잔원함 janwonham | 잔원하기 janwonhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 잔원했음, 잔원하였음 janwonhaesseum, janwonhayeosseum | 잔원했기, 잔원하였기 janwonhaetgi, janwonhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 잔원한 janwonhan | |||
| Future | 잔원할 janwonhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 잔원하시다 janwonhasida | 잔원하셔 janwonhasyeo | 잔원하세요, 잔원하셔요 janwonhaseyo, janwonhasyeoyo | 잔원하십니다 janwonhasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 잔원하셨다 janwonhasyeotda | 잔원하셨어 janwonhasyeosseo | 잔원하셨어요 janwonhasyeosseoyo | 잔원하셨습니다 janwonhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 잔원하시냐 janwonhasinya | 잔원하셔 janwonhasyeo | 잔원하세요, 잔원하셔요 janwonhaseyo, janwonhasyeoyo | 잔원하십니까 janwonhasimnikka |
| Past | 잔원하셨냐 janwonhasyeonnya | 잔원하셨어 janwonhasyeosseo | 잔원하셨어요 janwonhasyeosseoyo | 잔원하셨습니까 janwonhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 잔원하시겠다 janwonhasigetda | 잔원하시겠어 janwonhasigesseo | 잔원하시겠어요 janwonhasigesseoyo | 잔원하시겠습니다 janwonhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 잔원하셔 janwonhasyeo | 잔원하셔서 janwonhasyeoseo | 잔원하시니 janwonhasini | 잔원하시니까 janwonhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 잔원하시지만 janwonhasijiman | 잔원하신데 janwonhasinde | 잔원하시더니 janwonhasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 잔원하시고 janwonhasigo | ||||
| Condition | 잔원하시면 janwonhasimyeon | 잔원하셔야 janwonhasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 잔원하심 janwonhasim | 잔원하시기 janwonhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 잔원하셨음 janwonhasyeosseum | 잔원하셨기 janwonhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 잔원하신 janwonhasin | |||
| Future | 잔원하실 janwonhasil | ||||