작동하다
Korean
Etymology
작동(作動) (jakdong) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕa̠k̚t͈o̞ŋɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [작똥하다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | jakdonghada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | jagdonghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | chaktonghada |
| Yale Romanization? | cak.tonghata |
Verb
작동하다 • (jakdonghada) (infinitive 작동해 or 작동하여, sequential 작동하니)
- to operate, to function, to run, to be on
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 작동하다 (jakdonghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 작동한다 jakdonghanda | 작동해 jakdonghae | 작동해요 jakdonghaeyo | 작동합니다 jakdonghamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 작동했다 jakdonghaetda | 작동했어 jakdonghaesseo | 작동했어요 jakdonghaesseoyo | 작동했습니다 jakdonghaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 작동하느냐 jakdonghaneunya | 작동해 jakdonghae | 작동해요 jakdonghaeyo | 작동합니까 jakdonghamnikka |
| Past | 작동했느냐 jakdonghaenneunya | 작동했어 jakdonghaesseo | 작동했어요 jakdonghaesseoyo | 작동했습니까 jakdonghaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 작동하자 jakdonghaja | 작동해 jakdonghae | 작동해요 jakdonghaeyo | 작동합시다 jakdonghapsida | |
| Imperative | 작동해라, 작동하여라 jakdonghaera, jakdonghayeora | 작동해 jakdonghae | 작동해요 jakdonghaeyo | 작동합시오 jakdonghapsio | |
| Assertive | 작동하겠다 jakdonghagetda | 작동하겠어 jakdonghagesseo | 작동하겠어요 jakdonghagesseoyo | 작동하겠습니다 jakdonghagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 작동해 jakdonghae | 작동해서, 작동하여서 jakdonghaeseo, jakdonghayeoseo | 작동하니 jakdonghani | 작동하니까 jakdonghanikka | |
| Contrast | 작동하지만 jakdonghajiman | 작동하는데 jakdonghaneunde | 작동하더니 jakdonghadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 작동하고 jakdonghago | ||||
| Condition | 작동하면 jakdonghamyeon | 작동해야, 작동하여야 jakdonghaeya, jakdonghayeoya | |||
| Motive | 작동하려고 jakdongharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 작동함 jakdongham | 작동하기 jakdonghagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 작동했음, 작동하였음 jakdonghaesseum, jakdonghayeosseum | 작동했기, 작동하였기 jakdonghaetgi, jakdonghayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 작동한 jakdonghan | |||
| Present | 작동하는 jakdonghaneun | ||||
| Future | 작동할 jakdonghal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 작동하신다 jakdonghasinda | 작동하셔 jakdonghasyeo | 작동하세요, 작동하셔요 jakdonghaseyo, jakdonghasyeoyo | 작동하십니다 jakdonghasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 작동하셨다 jakdonghasyeotda | 작동하셨어 jakdonghasyeosseo | 작동하셨어요 jakdonghasyeosseoyo | 작동하셨습니다 jakdonghasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 작동하시느냐 jakdonghasineunya | 작동하셔 jakdonghasyeo | 작동하세요, 작동하셔요 jakdonghaseyo, jakdonghasyeoyo | 작동하십니까 jakdonghasimnikka |
| Past | 작동하셨느냐 jakdonghasyeonneunya | 작동하셨어 jakdonghasyeosseo | 작동하셨어요 jakdonghasyeosseoyo | 작동하셨습니까 jakdonghasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 작동하시라 jakdonghasira | 작동하셔 jakdonghasyeo | 작동하세요 jakdonghaseyo | 작동하십시오 jakdonghasipsio | |
| Assertive | 작동하시겠다 jakdonghasigetda | 작동하시겠어 jakdonghasigesseo | 작동하시겠어요 jakdonghasigesseoyo | 작동하시겠습니다 jakdonghasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 작동하셔 jakdonghasyeo | 작동하셔서 jakdonghasyeoseo | 작동하시니 jakdonghasini | 작동하시니까 jakdonghasinikka | |
| Contrast | 작동하시지만 jakdonghasijiman | 작동하시는데 jakdonghasineunde | 작동하시더니 jakdonghasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 작동하시고 jakdonghasigo | ||||
| Condition | 작동하시면 jakdonghasimyeon | 작동하셔야 jakdonghasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 작동하시려고 jakdonghasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 작동하심 jakdonghasim | 작동하시기 jakdonghasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 작동하셨음 jakdonghasyeosseum | 작동하셨기 jakdonghasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 작동하신 jakdonghasin | |||
| Present | 작동하시는 jakdonghasineun | ||||
| Future | 작동하실 jakdonghasil | ||||