입
| ||||||||||
| 이익읶읷인읹읺 읻일읽읾읿잀잁 잂잃임입잆잇있 잉잊잋잌잍잎잏 | |
| 의 ← | → 자 |
|---|---|
Korean
Etymology 1
First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 邑 (Yale: *ip).[1]
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ip̚]
(file)
- Phonetic hangul: [입]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | ip |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | ib |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ip |
| Yale Romanization? | ip |
South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 입의 / 입에 / 입까지
Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.
Noun
입 • (ip)
- (anatomy) mouth
- lips
- (figuratively, metonymically) a man's word
- (figuratively, metonymically) the number of people who eat food
Synonyms
- 구 (口, gu): mouth, entrance
- (vulgar) 아가리 (agari): wide mouth (of bowls, etc.; vulgar for men)
- (vulgar) 주둥이 (judung'i): narrow mouth (of bottles, animals, etc.; vulgar for men)
Derived terms
- 입가 (ipga, “lips”)
- 입거웃 (ipgeout, “moustache”)
- 입속 (ipsok, “oral cavity”)
- 입술 (ipsul, “lip”)
- 입시울 (ipsiul, “(obsolete) lip”)
- 입언저리 (ibeonjeori, “lips”)
- 입천장 (ipcheonjang, “palate”)
See also
(noun):
- 목구멍 (mokgumeong, “throat”)
- 목젖 (mokjeot, “uvula”)
- 볼 (bol, “cheek”)
- 뺨 (ppyam, “cheek”)
- 이 (i, “tooth”)
- 잇몸 (inmom, “gum”)
- 턱 (teok, “chin; jaw”)
- 혀 (hyeo, “tongue”)
(verb):
- 마시다 (masida, “to drink; to inhale”)
- 말하다 (malhada, “to say”)
- 맛보다 (matboda, “to taste”)
- 먹다 (meokda, “to eat”)
- 물다 (mulda, “to bite”)
- 뱉다 (baetda, “to spit”)
- 불다 (bulda, “to blow”)
- 빨다 (ppalda, “to suck”)
- 삼키다 (samkida, “to swallow”)
- 숨쉬다 (sumswida, “to breathe”)
- 씹다 (ssipda, “to chew”)
- 침흘리다 (chimheullida, “to salivate”)
- 핥다 (halda, “to lick”)
(other terms):
- 구무 (gumu, “(obsolete) hole, cavity”)
- 말 (mal, “language”)
- 맛 (mat, “taste”)
- 숨 (sum, “breath”)
- 잎 (ip, “leaf”)
- 침 (chim, “saliva”)
Counter
입 • (ip)
- a unit that counts the amount of food that can be eaten at a time.
- 한 입만 ― han imman ― Just one bite (please)
References
- Ho-min Sonh (2015), “Middle Korean and Pre-Modern Korean”, in Lucien Brown, Jaehoon Yeon, editors, The Handbook of Korean Linguistics, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 441
Etymology 2
Korean reading of various Chinese characters.
Syllable
입 (ip)
- 入:
- (MC reading: 入 (MC ȵiɪp̚))
- 廿:
- (MC reading: 廿 (MC ȵiɪp̚))
- 卄: Alternative form of 廿
- (MC reading: 卄)
Etymology 3
South Korean reading of various Chinese characters, originally 립 (rip).
Syllable
입 (ip)
- (South Korea) 立:
- (MC reading: 立 (MC liɪp̚))
- (South Korea) 笠:
- (MC reading: 笠 (MC liɪp̚))
- (South Korea) 粒:
- (MC reading: 粒 (MC liɪp̚))
- (South Korea) 砬:
- (MC reading: 砬 (MC liɪp̚))
- (South Korea) 岦:
- (MC reading: 岦 (MC liɪp̚))
- (South Korea) 苙:
- (MC reading: 苙 (MC liɪp̚))
- (South Korea) 雴:
- (MC reading: 雴 (MC ʈʰˠiɪp̚))
- (South Korea) 鴗:
- (MC reading: 鴗 (MC liɪp̚))
- (South Korea) 湁:
- (MC reading: 湁 (MC ʈʰˠiɪp̚))
- (South Korea) 䶘:
- (MC reading: 䶘 (MC liɪp̚))
Usage notes
In South Korea, the original Sino-Korean reading 립 (rip) is used if the hanja is not part of the first syllable of a Sino-Korean compound word. The change in reading from 립 (rip) to 입 (ip) is known as 두음 법칙 (頭音法則, dueum beopchik).
Alternative forms
- 립 (rip) (North Korea, Yanbian dialect)
References
- Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo).