음침하다
Korean
Etymology
From 음침 (陰沈, eumchim) + —하다 (hada).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[ɯmt͡ɕʰimɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[음침하다]
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Adjective
음침하다 • (eumchimhada) (infinitive 음침해 or 음침하여, sequential 음침하니)
- be gloomy, dismal, somber
- 그는 음침한 성격의 사람이었다.
- Geuneun eumchimhan seonggyeogui saramieotda.
- He was a man of somber character.
- 음침한 날씨
- eumchimhan nalssi
- gloomy weather
- be sly
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 음침하다 (eumchimhada)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 음침하 (eumchimha) |
| Stem 2 | 음침해 (eumchimhae) |
| Stem 2a | 음침하여 (eumchimhayeo) |
| Stem 3 | 음침하 (eumchimha) |
| Conjugation type | Vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 음침하다 eumchimhada | 음침해 eumchimhae | 음침해요 eumchimhaeyo | 음침합니다 eumchimhamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 음침했다 eumchimhaetda | 음침했어 eumchimhaesseo | 음침했어요 eumchimhaesseoyo | 음침했습니다 eumchimhaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 음침하냐 eumchimhanya | 음침해 eumchimhae | 음침해요 eumchimhaeyo | 음침합니까 eumchimhamnikka |
| Past | 음침했냐 eumchimhaennya | 음침했어 eumchimhaesseo | 음침했어요 eumchimhaesseoyo | 음침했습니까 eumchimhaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 음침하겠다 eumchimhagetda | 음침하겠어 eumchimhagesseo | 음침하겠어요 eumchimhagesseoyo | 음침하겠습니다 eumchimhagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 음침해 eumchimhae | 음침해서, 음침하여서 eumchimhaeseo, eumchimhayeoseo | 음침하니 eumchimhani | 음침하니까 eumchimhanikka | |
| Contrast | 음침하지만 eumchimhajiman | 음침한데 eumchimhande | 음침하더니 eumchimhadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 음침하고 eumchimhago | ||||
| Condition | 음침하면 eumchimhamyeon | 음침해야, 음침하여야 eumchimhaeya, eumchimhayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 음침함 eumchimham | 음침하기 eumchimhagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 음침했음, 음침하였음 eumchimhaesseum, eumchimhayeosseum | 음침했기, 음침하였기 eumchimhaetgi, eumchimhayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 음침한 eumchimhan | |||
| Future | 음침할 eumchimhal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 음침하시다 eumchimhasida | 음침하셔 eumchimhasyeo | 음침하세요, 음침하셔요 eumchimhaseyo, eumchimhasyeoyo | 음침하십니다 eumchimhasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 음침하셨다 eumchimhasyeotda | 음침하셨어 eumchimhasyeosseo | 음침하셨어요 eumchimhasyeosseoyo | 음침하셨습니다 eumchimhasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 음침하시냐 eumchimhasinya | 음침하셔 eumchimhasyeo | 음침하세요, 음침하셔요 eumchimhaseyo, eumchimhasyeoyo | 음침하십니까 eumchimhasimnikka |
| Past | 음침하셨냐 eumchimhasyeonnya | 음침하셨어 eumchimhasyeosseo | 음침하셨어요 eumchimhasyeosseoyo | 음침하셨습니까 eumchimhasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 음침하시겠다 eumchimhasigetda | 음침하시겠어 eumchimhasigesseo | 음침하시겠어요 eumchimhasigesseoyo | 음침하시겠습니다 eumchimhasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 음침하셔 eumchimhasyeo | 음침하셔서 eumchimhasyeoseo | 음침하시니 eumchimhasini | 음침하시니까 eumchimhasinikka | |
| Contrast | 음침하시지만 eumchimhasijiman | 음침하신데 eumchimhasinde | 음침하시더니 eumchimhasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 음침하시고 eumchimhasigo | ||||
| Condition | 음침하시면 eumchimhasimyeon | 음침하셔야 eumchimhasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 음침하심 eumchimhasim | 음침하시기 eumchimhasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 음침하셨음 eumchimhasyeosseum | 음침하셨기 eumchimhasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 음침하신 eumchimhasin | |||
| Future | 음침하실 eumchimhasil | ||||
Synonyms
- 침울하다 (沈鬱, chimulhada, “be melancholy; dismal”)
- 음흉하다 (陰凶, eumhyunghada, “be sly”)
Antonyms
- 명랑하다 (明朗, myeongnanghada, “be bright, cheerful”)