예쁘다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 어엿브다 (eyesputa). Original meaning was “pitiful”. Compare the related 어여쁘다 (eoyeoppeuda, “pretty, lovely”) and 이쁘다 (ippeuda, “beautiful”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[ˈje̞ːp͈ɯda̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[예:쁘다]
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Adjective
예쁘다 • (yeppeuda) (infinitive 예뻐, sequential 예쁘니)
- to be pretty, lovely, beautiful, comely
- 리나는 예쁘기 때문에 모두들 그녀를 좋아합니다.
- Rinaneun yeppeugi ttaemune modudeul geunyeoreul joahamnida.
- Lina is so beautiful that everybody likes her.
- to be adorable
- to be nice, good
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 예쁘다 (yeppeuda)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 예쁘 (yeppeu) |
| Stem 2 | 예뻐 (yeppeo) |
| Stem 3 | 예쁘 (yeppeu) |
| Conjugation type | Vowel-stem, regular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 예쁘다 yeppeuda | 예뻐 yeppeo | 예뻐요 yeppeoyo | 예쁩니다 yeppeumnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 예뻤다 yeppeotda | 예뻤어 yeppeosseo | 예뻤어요 yeppeosseoyo | 예뻤습니다 yeppeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 예쁘냐 yeppeunya | 예뻐 yeppeo | 예뻐요 yeppeoyo | 예쁩니까 yeppeumnikka |
| Past | 예뻤냐 yeppeonnya | 예뻤어 yeppeosseo | 예뻤어요 yeppeosseoyo | 예뻤습니까 yeppeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 예쁘겠다 yeppeugetda | 예쁘겠어 yeppeugesseo | 예쁘겠어요 yeppeugesseoyo | 예쁘겠습니다 yeppeugetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 예뻐 yeppeo | 예뻐서 yeppeoseo | 예쁘니 yeppeuni | 예쁘니까 yeppeunikka | |
| Contrast | 예쁘지만 yeppeujiman | 예쁜데 yeppeunde | 예쁘더니 yeppeudeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 예쁘고 yeppeugo | ||||
| Condition | 예쁘면 yeppeumyeon | 예뻐야 yeppeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 예쁨 yeppeum | 예쁘기 yeppeugi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 예뻤음 yeppeosseum | 예뻤기 yeppeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 예쁜 yeppeun | |||
| Future | 예쁠 yeppeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 예쁘시다 yeppeusida | 예쁘셔 yeppeusyeo | 예쁘세요, 예쁘셔요 yeppeuseyo, yeppeusyeoyo | 예쁘십니다 yeppeusimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 예쁘셨다 yeppeusyeotda | 예쁘셨어 yeppeusyeosseo | 예쁘셨어요 yeppeusyeosseoyo | 예쁘셨습니다 yeppeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 예쁘시냐 yeppeusinya | 예쁘셔 yeppeusyeo | 예쁘세요, 예쁘셔요 yeppeuseyo, yeppeusyeoyo | 예쁘십니까 yeppeusimnikka |
| Past | 예쁘셨냐 yeppeusyeonnya | 예쁘셨어 yeppeusyeosseo | 예쁘셨어요 yeppeusyeosseoyo | 예쁘셨습니까 yeppeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 예쁘시겠다 yeppeusigetda | 예쁘시겠어 yeppeusigesseo | 예쁘시겠어요 yeppeusigesseoyo | 예쁘시겠습니다 yeppeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 예쁘셔 yeppeusyeo | 예쁘셔서 yeppeusyeoseo | 예쁘시니 yeppeusini | 예쁘시니까 yeppeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 예쁘시지만 yeppeusijiman | 예쁘신데 yeppeusinde | 예쁘시더니 yeppeusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 예쁘시고 yeppeusigo | ||||
| Condition | 예쁘시면 yeppeusimyeon | 예쁘셔야 yeppeusyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 예쁘심 yeppeusim | 예쁘시기 yeppeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 예쁘셨음 yeppeusyeosseum | 예쁘셨기 yeppeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 예쁘신 yeppeusin | |||
| Future | 예쁘실 yeppeusil | ||||
Synonyms
- 아름답다 (areumdapda)
References
- National Institute of Korean Language (CC BY-SA 2.0 KR)