여물다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Myobeomnyeonhwagyeong eonhae (妙法蓮華經諺解 / 묘법연화경언해), 1463, as Middle Korean 여믈〮다〮 (Yale: yèmúl-tá). Compare 영글다 (yeonggeulda).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jʌ̹muɭda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [여물다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | yeomulda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | yeomulda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | yŏmulda |
| Yale Romanization? | yemulta |
Verb
여물다 • (yeomulda) (infinitive 여물어, sequential 여무니)
- (intransitive, of fruits or crops) to ripe, to become ripen, to mature
- Synonym: 영글다 (yeonggeulda)
- 알이 잘 여문 옥수수
- ar-i jal yeomun oksusu
- The corn that riped well
- (intransitive, of light or natural phenomena) to mature; to become stronger
- Synonym: 영글다 (yeonggeulda)
- 조각달이 점점 여문다
- jogakdar-i jeomjeom yeomunda
- The crescent moon is getting darker little by little.
- 1983 September, Jo Jung-rae, The Tae Baek Mountains:
- 가을이 감빛으로 여물고 아침저녁으로 첫 추위가 비치기 시작할 때였다.
- Ga'eur-i gambich-euro yeomulgo achimjeonyeog-euro cheot chuwi-ga bichigi sijak-hal ttae-yeotda.
- Autumn colours became orange; it was time for the first cold to shine.
- (transitive, of work or speech) to finish, to get done; to end
- 그는 감격에 겨워 말을 여물지 못했다
- geu-neun gamgyeog-e gyeowo mar-eul yeomulji mothaetda
- It was too emotional for him so he couldn't finish his words.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 여물다 (yeomulda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 여문다 yeomunda | 여물어 yeomureo | 여물어요 yeomureoyo | 여뭅니다 yeomumnida |
| Past | 여물었다 yeomureotda | 여물었어 yeomureosseo | 여물었어요 yeomureosseoyo | 여물었습니다 yeomureotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 여무느냐 yeomuneunya | 여물어 yeomureo | 여물어요 yeomureoyo | 여뭅니까 yeomumnikka |
| Past | 여물었느냐 yeomureonneunya | 여물었어 yeomureosseo | 여물었어요 yeomureosseoyo | 여물었습니까 yeomureotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 여물자 yeomulja | 여물어 yeomureo | 여물어요 yeomureoyo | 여뭅시다 yeomupsida | |
| Imperative | 여물어라 yeomureora | 여물어 yeomureo | 여물어요 yeomureoyo | 여뭅시오 yeomupsio | |
| Assertive | 여물겠다 yeomulgetda | 여물겠어 yeomulgesseo | 여물겠어요 yeomulgesseoyo | 여물겠습니다 yeomulgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 여물어 yeomureo | 여물어서 yeomureoseo | 여무니 yeomuni | 여무니까 yeomunikka | |
| Contrast | 여물지만 yeomuljiman | 여무는데 yeomuneunde | 여물더니 yeomuldeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 여물고 yeomulgo | ||||
| Condition | 여물면 yeomulmyeon | 여물어야 yeomureoya | |||
| Motive | 여물려고 yeomullyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 여묾 yeomum | 여물기 yeomulgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 여물었음 yeomureosseum | 여물었기 yeomureotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 여문 yeomun | |||
| Present | 여무는 yeomuneun | ||||
| Future | 여물 yeomul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 여무신다 yeomusinda | 여무셔 yeomusyeo | 여무세요, 여무셔요 yeomuseyo, yeomusyeoyo | 여무십니다 yeomusimnida |
| Past | 여무셨다 yeomusyeotda | 여무셨어 yeomusyeosseo | 여무셨어요 yeomusyeosseoyo | 여무셨습니다 yeomusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 여무시느냐 yeomusineunya | 여무셔 yeomusyeo | 여무세요, 여무셔요 yeomuseyo, yeomusyeoyo | 여무십니까 yeomusimnikka |
| Past | 여무셨느냐 yeomusyeonneunya | 여무셨어 yeomusyeosseo | 여무셨어요 yeomusyeosseoyo | 여무셨습니까 yeomusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 여무시라 yeomusira | 여무셔 yeomusyeo | 여무세요 yeomuseyo | 여무십시오 yeomusipsio | |
| Assertive | 여무시겠다 yeomusigetda | 여무시겠어 yeomusigesseo | 여무시겠어요 yeomusigesseoyo | 여무시겠습니다 yeomusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 여무셔 yeomusyeo | 여무셔서 yeomusyeoseo | 여무시니 yeomusini | 여무시니까 yeomusinikka | |
| Contrast | 여무시지만 yeomusijiman | 여무시는데 yeomusineunde | 여무시더니 yeomusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 여무시고 yeomusigo | ||||
| Condition | 여무시면 yeomusimyeon | 여무셔야 yeomusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 여무시려고 yeomusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 여무심 yeomusim | 여무시기 yeomusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 여무셨음 yeomusyeosseum | 여무셨기 yeomusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 여무신 yeomusin | |||
| Present | 여무시는 yeomusineun | ||||
| Future | 여무실 yeomusil | ||||
Adjective
여물다 • (yeomulda) (infinitive 여물어, sequential 여무니)
- (of words and actions) (to be) astute, shrewd
- 일 처리를 여물게 하다
- il cheori-reul yeomulge hada
- to handle work astutely
- (of personality) (to be) frugal, thrifty, unwasteful
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 여물다 (yeomulda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 여물다 yeomulda | 여물어 yeomureo | 여물어요 yeomureoyo | 여뭅니다 yeomumnida |
| Past | 여물었다 yeomureotda | 여물었어 yeomureosseo | 여물었어요 yeomureosseoyo | 여물었습니다 yeomureotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 여무냐 yeomunya | 여물어 yeomureo | 여물어요 yeomureoyo | 여뭅니까 yeomumnikka |
| Past | 여물었냐 yeomureonnya | 여물었어 yeomureosseo | 여물었어요 yeomureosseoyo | 여물었습니까 yeomureotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 여물겠다 yeomulgetda | 여물겠어 yeomulgesseo | 여물겠어요 yeomulgesseoyo | 여물겠습니다 yeomulgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 여물어 yeomureo | 여물어서 yeomureoseo | 여무니 yeomuni | 여무니까 yeomunikka | |
| Contrast | 여물지만 yeomuljiman | 여문데 yeomunde | 여물더니 yeomuldeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 여물고 yeomulgo | ||||
| Condition | 여물면 yeomulmyeon | 여물어야 yeomureoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 여묾 yeomum | 여물기 yeomulgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 여물었음 yeomureosseum | 여물었기 yeomureotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 여문 yeomun | |||
| Future | 여물 yeomul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 여무시다 yeomusida | 여무셔 yeomusyeo | 여무세요, 여무셔요 yeomuseyo, yeomusyeoyo | 여무십니다 yeomusimnida |
| Past | 여무셨다 yeomusyeotda | 여무셨어 yeomusyeosseo | 여무셨어요 yeomusyeosseoyo | 여무셨습니다 yeomusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 여무시냐 yeomusinya | 여무셔 yeomusyeo | 여무세요, 여무셔요 yeomuseyo, yeomusyeoyo | 여무십니까 yeomusimnikka |
| Past | 여무셨냐 yeomusyeonnya | 여무셨어 yeomusyeosseo | 여무셨어요 yeomusyeosseoyo | 여무셨습니까 yeomusyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 여무시겠다 yeomusigetda | 여무시겠어 yeomusigesseo | 여무시겠어요 yeomusigesseoyo | 여무시겠습니다 yeomusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 여무셔 yeomusyeo | 여무셔서 yeomusyeoseo | 여무시니 yeomusini | 여무시니까 yeomusinikka | |
| Contrast | 여무시지만 yeomusijiman | 여무신데 yeomusinde | 여무시더니 yeomusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 여무시고 yeomusigo | ||||
| Condition | 여무시면 yeomusimyeon | 여무셔야 yeomusyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 여무심 yeomusim | 여무시기 yeomusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 여무셨음 yeomusyeosseum | 여무셨기 yeomusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 여무신 yeomusin | |||
| Future | 여무실 yeomusil | ||||