-여

See also: 여

Korean

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [jʌ̹]
Phonetic hangul: [여]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	yeo
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	yeo
McCune–Reischauer^?	yŏ
Yale Romanization^?	ye

Etymology 1

From Middle Korean 야〮 (Yale: -yá), as in ᄒᆞ〮야〮 (Yale: hóy-á).

It is believed that at an ancient stage, the stem of ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: hò-tá) was actually *ᄒᆡ (Yale: *hoy-). At that stage, the infinitive of the stem would have regularly been ᄒᆞ〮야〮 (Yale: hó-yá). However, this older infinitive was retained even when the stem was monophthongized in other contexts, producing the irregular allomorph of the infinitive suffix (Vovin 2010, p. 27).

Suffix

여 • (-yeo)

(formal) Alternative form of 어 (-eo, infinitive/connective suffix), used after the stem of 하다 (hada).
다수의 적군을 발견하여 속전속결로 격파하였습니다.
dasu-ui jeokgun-eul balgyeonha-yeo sokjeonsokgyeol-lo gyeokpa-hayeotseumnida.
Having discovered a large number of enemy forces, we have swiftly put them to rout.
(North Korea, formal) Alternative form of 어 (-eo, infinitive/connective suffix), used after i- and y-stem verbs
- (Can we date this quote?) “개인식별번호차단해제열쇠(PUK) 사용방법”, in 평양2407 사용설명서:
  거기에 씌여진 PUK1(8 자리수자)을 입력하십시오.
  geogi-e ssui-yeoJin PUK1(8 jarisuja)-eul imnyeokha-sipsio.
  Please enter PUK1 (8 digit number) that is written there.
드디여 련결되여 있습니다.
deudiyeo ryeon'gyeoldoe-yeo it-seumnida.
Finally, it's connected.

Usage notes

In less formal language, 하여 (hayeo) is always contracted to 해 (hae).
Because the intimate style is never formal by definition, 하여 (hayeo) can never replace 해 (hae) in such contexts.
For the second sense, i- and y-stem verbs include stems ending in ㅣ (i), ㅐ (ae), ㅔ (e), ㅚ (oe), ㅟ (wi), and ㅢ (ui).

Alternative forms

야 (-ya) – archaic

Etymology 2

From Middle Korean ㅣ여〮 (Yale: -yyé), 여〮 (Yale: -yé), from Old Korean 亦 (*-ye), 也 (*-ye). See the main entry for more.

Particle

여 • (-yeo)

Post-vowel allomorphic form of 이여 (-iyeo, “O”, exclamatory vocative particle).
눈보라에도 푸르른 소나무여 ― nunbora-e-do pureureun sonamu-yeo ― O pine tree, green despite the snowstorm

Etymology 3

See the main entry.

Particle

여 • (-yeo)

Pronunciation spelling of 요 (-yo, politeness-adding particle), representing colloquial Korean.
네 알겠어여 ㅎㅎ ― ne al-gess-eo-yeo hh ― Yes okay ^^

Etymology 4

See the main entry.

Particle

여 • (-yeo)

Alternative form of 이여 (-iyeo, “and”, dialectal connective particle for enumerating nouns).

Etymology 5

Sino-Korean suffixes; see the main entries.

Suffix

여 • (-yeo)

See the entry at 여(餘) (yeo, “(of a numeral) somewhat more than”).