섬기다
Korean
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰʌ̹mɡida̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [섬기다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | seomgida |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | seomgida |
| McCune–Reischauer? | sŏmgida |
| Yale Romanization? | semkita |
Etymology
First attested in the Yongbi eocheonga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 셤기다.
Verb
섬기다 • (seomgida) (infinitive 섬겨 or 섬기어, sequential 섬기니)
- to serve, to obey
- to worship, to obey (God)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 섬기다 (seomgida): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 섬긴다 seomginda | 섬겨 seomgyeo | 섬겨요, 섬기어요 seomgyeoyo, seomgieoyo | 섬깁니다 seomgimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 섬겼다 seomgyeotda | 섬겼어 seomgyeosseo | 섬겼어요 seomgyeosseoyo | 섬겼습니다 seomgyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 섬기느냐 seomgineunya | 섬겨 seomgyeo | 섬겨요, 섬기어요 seomgyeoyo, seomgieoyo | 섬깁니까 seomgimnikka |
| Past | 섬겼느냐 seomgyeonneunya | 섬겼어 seomgyeosseo | 섬겼어요 seomgyeosseoyo | 섬겼습니까 seomgyeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 섬기자 seomgija | 섬겨 seomgyeo | 섬겨요, 섬기어요 seomgyeoyo, seomgieoyo | 섬깁시다 seomgipsida | |
| Imperative | 섬겨라, 섬기어라 seomgyeora, seomgieora | 섬겨 seomgyeo | 섬겨요, 섬기어요 seomgyeoyo, seomgieoyo | 섬깁시오 seomgipsio | |
| Assertive | 섬기겠다 seomgigetda | 섬기겠어 seomgigesseo | 섬기겠어요 seomgigesseoyo | 섬기겠습니다 seomgigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 섬겨 seomgyeo | 섬겨서, 섬기어서 seomgyeoseo, seomgieoseo | 섬기니 seomgini | 섬기니까 seomginikka | |
| Contrast | 섬기지만 seomgijiman | 섬기는데 seomgineunde | 섬기더니 seomgideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 섬기고 seomgigo | ||||
| Condition | 섬기면 seomgimyeon | 섬겨야, 섬기어야 seomgyeoya, seomgieoya | |||
| Motive | 섬기려고 seomgiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 섬김 seomgim | 섬기기 seomgigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 섬겼음, 섬기었음 seomgyeosseum, seomgieosseum | 섬겼기, 섬기었기 seomgyeotgi, seomgieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 섬긴 seomgin | |||
| Present | 섬기는 seomgineun | ||||
| Future | 섬길 seomgil | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 섬기신다 seomgisinda | 섬기셔 seomgisyeo | 섬기세요, 섬기셔요 seomgiseyo, seomgisyeoyo | 섬기십니다 seomgisimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 섬기셨다 seomgisyeotda | 섬기셨어 seomgisyeosseo | 섬기셨어요 seomgisyeosseoyo | 섬기셨습니다 seomgisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 섬기시느냐 seomgisineunya | 섬기셔 seomgisyeo | 섬기세요, 섬기셔요 seomgiseyo, seomgisyeoyo | 섬기십니까 seomgisimnikka |
| Past | 섬기셨느냐 seomgisyeonneunya | 섬기셨어 seomgisyeosseo | 섬기셨어요 seomgisyeosseoyo | 섬기셨습니까 seomgisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 섬기시라 seomgisira | 섬기셔 seomgisyeo | 섬기세요 seomgiseyo | 섬기십시오 seomgisipsio | |
| Assertive | 섬기시겠다 seomgisigetda | 섬기시겠어 seomgisigesseo | 섬기시겠어요 seomgisigesseoyo | 섬기시겠습니다 seomgisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 섬기셔 seomgisyeo | 섬기셔서 seomgisyeoseo | 섬기시니 seomgisini | 섬기시니까 seomgisinikka | |
| Contrast | 섬기시지만 seomgisijiman | 섬기시는데 seomgisineunde | 섬기시더니 seomgisideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 섬기시고 seomgisigo | ||||
| Condition | 섬기시면 seomgisimyeon | 섬기셔야 seomgisyeoya | |||
| Motive | 섬기시려고 seomgisiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 섬기심 seomgisim | 섬기시기 seomgisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 섬기셨음 seomgisyeosseum | 섬기셨기 seomgisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 섬기신 seomgisin | |||
| Present | 섬기시는 seomgisineun | ||||
| Future | 섬기실 seomgisil | ||||
Derived terms
- 단골섬김 (dan'golseomgim)