상쾌하다
Korean
Etymology
상쾌(爽快) (sangkwae) + 하다 (hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈsʰa̠(ː)ŋkʰwɛɦa̠da̠] ~ [ˈsʰa̠(ː)ŋkʰwe̞ɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangeul: [상(ː)쾌하다/상(ː)퀘하다]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, the great majority of speakers (in both Koreas) no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | sangkwaehada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | sangkwaehada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | sangk'waehada |
| Yale Romanization? | sāngkhwayhata |
Adjective
상쾌하다 • (sangkwaehada) (infinitive 상쾌해 or 상쾌하여, sequential 상쾌하니, hanja 爽快하다)
- to be refreshing
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 상쾌하다 (sangkwaehada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 상쾌하다 sangkwaehada | 상쾌해 sangkwaehae | 상쾌해요 sangkwaehaeyo | 상쾌합니다 sangkwaehamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 상쾌했다 sangkwaehaetda | 상쾌했어 sangkwaehaesseo | 상쾌했어요 sangkwaehaesseoyo | 상쾌했습니다 sangkwaehaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 상쾌하냐 sangkwaehanya | 상쾌해 sangkwaehae | 상쾌해요 sangkwaehaeyo | 상쾌합니까 sangkwaehamnikka |
| Past | 상쾌했냐 sangkwaehaennya | 상쾌했어 sangkwaehaesseo | 상쾌했어요 sangkwaehaesseoyo | 상쾌했습니까 sangkwaehaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 상쾌하겠다 sangkwaehagetda | 상쾌하겠어 sangkwaehagesseo | 상쾌하겠어요 sangkwaehagesseoyo | 상쾌하겠습니다 sangkwaehagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 상쾌해 sangkwaehae | 상쾌해서, 상쾌하여서 sangkwaehaeseo, sangkwaehayeoseo | 상쾌하니 sangkwaehani | 상쾌하니까 sangkwaehanikka | |
| Contrast | 상쾌하지만 sangkwaehajiman | 상쾌한데 sangkwaehande | 상쾌하더니 sangkwaehadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 상쾌하고 sangkwaehago | ||||
| Condition | 상쾌하면 sangkwaehamyeon | 상쾌해야, 상쾌하여야 sangkwaehaeya, sangkwaehayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 상쾌함 sangkwaeham | 상쾌하기 sangkwaehagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 상쾌했음, 상쾌하였음 sangkwaehaesseum, sangkwaehayeosseum | 상쾌했기, 상쾌하였기 sangkwaehaetgi, sangkwaehayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 상쾌한 sangkwaehan | |||
| Future | 상쾌할 sangkwaehal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 상쾌하시다 sangkwaehasida | 상쾌하셔 sangkwaehasyeo | 상쾌하세요, 상쾌하셔요 sangkwaehaseyo, sangkwaehasyeoyo | 상쾌하십니다 sangkwaehasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 상쾌하셨다 sangkwaehasyeotda | 상쾌하셨어 sangkwaehasyeosseo | 상쾌하셨어요 sangkwaehasyeosseoyo | 상쾌하셨습니다 sangkwaehasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 상쾌하시냐 sangkwaehasinya | 상쾌하셔 sangkwaehasyeo | 상쾌하세요, 상쾌하셔요 sangkwaehaseyo, sangkwaehasyeoyo | 상쾌하십니까 sangkwaehasimnikka |
| Past | 상쾌하셨냐 sangkwaehasyeonnya | 상쾌하셨어 sangkwaehasyeosseo | 상쾌하셨어요 sangkwaehasyeosseoyo | 상쾌하셨습니까 sangkwaehasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 상쾌하시겠다 sangkwaehasigetda | 상쾌하시겠어 sangkwaehasigesseo | 상쾌하시겠어요 sangkwaehasigesseoyo | 상쾌하시겠습니다 sangkwaehasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 상쾌하셔 sangkwaehasyeo | 상쾌하셔서 sangkwaehasyeoseo | 상쾌하시니 sangkwaehasini | 상쾌하시니까 sangkwaehasinikka | |
| Contrast | 상쾌하시지만 sangkwaehasijiman | 상쾌하신데 sangkwaehasinde | 상쾌하시더니 sangkwaehasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 상쾌하시고 sangkwaehasigo | ||||
| Condition | 상쾌하시면 sangkwaehasimyeon | 상쾌하셔야 sangkwaehasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 상쾌하심 sangkwaehasim | 상쾌하시기 sangkwaehasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 상쾌하셨음 sangkwaehasyeosseum | 상쾌하셨기 sangkwaehasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 상쾌하신 sangkwaehasin | |||
| Future | 상쾌하실 sangkwaehasil | ||||