비
| ||||||||||
| 비빅빆빇빈빉빊 빋빌빍빎빏빐빑 빒빓빔빕빖빗빘 빙빚빛빜빝빞빟 | |
| 븨 ← | → 빠 |
|---|---|
Korean
Etymology 1
First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 霏微 (Yale: *piWi). Hence the word was originally disyllabic; Alexander Vovin believes it was borrowed from Tungusic.[1]
In the Hangul script, first attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 비〮 (Yale: pí).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pi]
- Phonetic hangul: [비]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | bi |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | bi |
| McCune–Reischauer? | pi |
| Yale Romanization? | pi |
- South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 비의 / 비에 / 비까지
Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable.
Noun
비 • (bi)
- rain
- 어릴 적 나는비가 하늘이 내려 주는 공짜 물이라고 생각했다.
- eoril jeok na-neun biGa haneur-i naeryeo juneun gongjja mur-irago saenggakhaetda.
- When I was young, I thought rain was free water from the sky.
- 밖에 비가 와요. ― bakk-e biGa wayo. ― Outside, rain is falling.
Derived terms
- 가랑비 (garangbi)
- 가을비 (ga'eulbi)
- 겨울비 (gyeoulbi)
- 눈비 (nunbi)
- 단비 (danbi)
- 봄비 (bombi)
- 비구름 (bigureum)
- 비바람 (bibaram)
- 소낙비 (sonakbi)
- 여름비 (yeoreumbi)
- 여우비 (yeoubi)
- 이슬비 (iseulbi)
- 작살비 (jaksalbi)
- 장맛비 (jangmatbi)
- 큰비 (keunbi)
See also
- 雨 (u), the hanja for "rain"
Etymology 2
First attested in the Neung'eomgyeong eonhae (楞嚴經諺解 / 능엄경언해), 1461, as Middle Korean 뷔〮 (Yale: pwúy).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pi]
- Phonetic hangul: [비]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | bi |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | bi |
| McCune–Reischauer? | pi |
| Yale Romanization? | pi |
Noun
비 • (bi)
- (dated) broom
- 방을 비로 쓸다 ― bang-eul biro sseulda ― to sweep the room with a broom
- Synonym: (usual) 빗자루 (bitjaru)
Derived terms
- 마당비 (madangbi)
- 비질 (bijil)
- 빗자루 (bitjaru)
- 싸리비 (ssaribi)
Etymology 3
Sino-Korean word from 碑 (碑), from the Middle Korean reading 비 (Yale: pì).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pi]
- Phonetic hangul: [비]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | bi |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | bi |
| McCune–Reischauer? | pi |
| Yale Romanization? | pi |
Noun
비 • (bi) (hanja 碑)
- gravestone; tombstone
- Synonym: 묘비(墓碑) (myobi)
- stone engraved with memorial text
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 碑 (碑) for Sino-Korean compounds of 비 (碑, bi).
Etymology 4
Borrowed from English b.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pi]
- Phonetic hangul: [비]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | bi |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | bi |
| McCune–Reischauer? | pi |
| Yale Romanization? | pi |
Noun
비 • (bi)
- The Korean reading of the Latin alphabet letter b.
Etymology 5
Sino-Korean word from 非 (非).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pi(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [비(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | bi |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | bi |
| McCune–Reischauer? | pi |
| Yale Romanization? | pī |
Prefix
비— • (bi-) (hanja 非)
- un-; in-; non-
- 비공식 (非公式) ― unofficial
- 비공개 (非公開) ― private (lit. not made public)
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 非 (非) for Sino-Korean compounds of 비 (非, bi).
Etymology 6
Sino-Korean word from 費 (費).
Suffix
—비 • (-bi) (hanja 費)
- cost, fee; expense
- 생활비 (生活費) ― living expenses
- 교육비 (敎育費) ― cost of education
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 費 (費) for Sino-Korean compounds of 비 (費, bi).
Etymology 7
Korean reading of various Chinese characters.
Syllable
비 (bi)
| Extended content |
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References
- Alexander Vovin (2000), “Pre-Hankul Materials, Koreo-Japonic, and Altaic”, in Korean Studies, volume 24, pages 142—155
Middle Korean
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pí/
Noun
비〮 (pí) (locative 비〮예〮 (pí-yéy))
- rain
Descendants
- Korean: 비 (bi)