못하다
Korean
Etymology
Of native Korean origin. Equivalent to 못 (mot) + 하— (ha-).
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
- IPA(key)[mo̞tʰa̠da̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[모타다]
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- Homophones: 모타다 (motada, “motada”), an alternative pronunciation of 모터다 (moteoda, “to be a motor”)
Verb
못하다 • (mothada) (infinitive 못해 or 못하여, sequential 못하니)
- (verb-지 못하다) cannot (do); to be unable, or impossible (to do)
- 집에 가지 못해요. = 집에 못 가요.
- Jibe gaji mothaeyo. = jibe mot gayo.
- I cannot go home. = I cannot go home.
- (를 못하다) not be good at
- 나는 노래를 못해요.
- Naneun noraereul mothaeyo.
- I'm not good at singing.
Usage notes
- The second sense is very commonly confused with 못 하다.
- 공부를 못해요.
- Gongbureul mothaeyo.
- I'm not good at studying.
- 오늘은 공부를 못 해요.
- Oneureun gongbureul mot haeyo.
- I cannot study today.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 못하다 (mothada)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 못하 (motha) |
| Stem 2 | 못해 (mothae) |
| Stem 2a | 못하여 (mothayeo) |
| Stem 3 | 못하 (motha) |
| Conjugation type | Vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 못한다 mothanda | 못해 mothae | 못해요 mothaeyo | 못합니다 mothamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 못했다 mothaetda | 못했어 mothaesseo | 못했어요 mothaesseoyo | 못했습니다 mothaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 못하느냐 mothaneunya | 못해 mothae | 못해요 mothaeyo | 못합니까 mothamnikka |
| Past | 못했느냐 mothaenneunya | 못했어 mothaesseo | 못했어요 mothaesseoyo | 못했습니까 mothaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 못하자 mothaja | 못해 mothae | 못해요 mothaeyo | 못합시다 mothapsida | |
| Assertive | 못하겠다 mothagetda | 못하겠어 mothagesseo | 못하겠어요 mothagesseoyo | 못하겠습니다 mothagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 못해 mothae | 못해서, 못하여서 mothaeseo, mothayeoseo | 못하니 mothani | 못하니까 mothanikka | |
| Contrast | 못하지만 mothajiman | 못하는데 mothaneunde | 못하더니 mothadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 못하고 mothago | ||||
| Condition | 못하면 mothamyeon | 못해야, 못하여야 mothaeya, mothayeoya | |||
| Motive | 못하려고 motharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 못함 motham | 못하기 mothagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 못했음, 못하였음 mothaesseum, mothayeosseum | 못했기, 못하였기 mothaetgi, mothayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 못한 mothan | |||
| Present | 못하는 mothaneun | ||||
| Future | 못할 mothal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 못하신다 mothasinda | 못하셔 mothasyeo | 못하세요, 못하셔요 mothaseyo, mothasyeoyo | 못하십니다 mothasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 못하셨다 mothasyeotda | 못하셨어 mothasyeosseo | 못하셨어요 mothasyeosseoyo | 못하셨습니다 mothasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 못하시느냐 mothasineunya | 못하셔 mothasyeo | 못하세요, 못하셔요 mothaseyo, mothasyeoyo | 못하십니까 mothasimnikka |
| Past | 못하셨느냐 mothasyeonneunya | 못하셨어 mothasyeosseo | 못하셨어요 mothasyeosseoyo | 못하셨습니까 mothasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 못하시겠다 mothasigetda | 못하시겠어 mothasigesseo | 못하시겠어요 mothasigesseoyo | 못하시겠습니다 mothasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 못하셔 mothasyeo | 못하셔서 mothasyeoseo | 못하시니 mothasini | 못하시니까 mothasinikka | |
| Contrast | 못하시지만 mothasijiman | 못하시는데 mothasineunde | 못하시더니 mothasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 못하시고 mothasigo | ||||
| Condition | 못하시면 mothasimyeon | 못하셔야 mothasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 못하시려고 mothasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 못하심 mothasim | 못하시기 mothasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 못하셨음 mothasyeosseum | 못하셨기 mothasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 못하신 mothasin | |||
| Present | 못하시는 mothasineun | ||||
| Future | 못하실 mothasil | ||||
Antonyms
- 잘하다 (jalhada) (be good at)
Derived terms
- 잘못하다 (jalmothada)
See also
- 아니 (ani)
- 안 (an)
- 안하다 (anhada)
- 않다 (anta)