머금다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 머굼〮다〮 (Yale: mèkwúm-tá).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [mʌ̹ɡɯmt͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [머금따]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | meogeumda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | meogeumda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | mŏgŭmta |
| Yale Romanization? | mekumqta |
Verb
머금다 • (meogeumda) (infinitive 머금어, sequential 머금으니) (transitive)
- to hold/keep something in one's mouth (e.g. water)
- to hold back (one's tears)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 머금다 (meogeumda): consonant-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 머금는다 meogeumneunda | 머금어 meogeumeo | 머금어요 meogeumeoyo | 머금습니다 meogeumseumnida |
| Past | 머금었다 meogeumeotda | 머금었어 meogeumeosseo | 머금었어요 meogeumeosseoyo | 머금었습니다 meogeumeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 머금느냐 meogeumneunya | 머금어 meogeumeo | 머금어요 meogeumeoyo | 머금습니까 meogeumseumnikka |
| Past | 머금었느냐 meogeumeonneunya | 머금었어 meogeumeosseo | 머금었어요 meogeumeosseoyo | 머금었습니까 meogeumeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 머금자 meogeumja | 머금어 meogeumeo | 머금어요 meogeumeoyo | 머금읍시다 meogeumeupsida | |
| Imperative | 머금어라 meogeumeora | 머금어 meogeumeo | 머금어요 meogeumeoyo | 머금읍시오 meogeumeupsio | |
| Assertive | 머금겠다 meogeumgetda | 머금겠어 meogeumgesseo | 머금겠어요 meogeumgesseoyo | 머금겠습니다 meogeumgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 머금어 meogeumeo | 머금어서 meogeumeoseo | 머금으니 meogeumeuni | 머금으니까 meogeumeunikka | |
| Contrast | 머금지만 meogeumjiman | 머금는데 meogeumneunde | 머금더니 meogeumdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 머금고 meogeumgo | ||||
| Condition | 머금으면 meogeumeumyeon | 머금어야 meogeumeoya | |||
| Motive | 머금으려고 meogeumeuryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 머금음 meogeumeum | 머금기 meogeumgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 머금었음 meogeumeosseum | 머금었기 meogeumeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 머금은 meogeumeun | |||
| Present | 머금는 meogeumneun | ||||
| Future | 머금을 meogeumeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 머금으신다 meogeumeusinda | 머금으셔 meogeumeusyeo | 머금으세요, 머금으셔요 meogeumeuseyo, meogeumeusyeoyo | 머금으십니다 meogeumeusimnida |
| Past | 머금으셨다 meogeumeusyeotda | 머금으셨어 meogeumeusyeosseo | 머금으셨어요 meogeumeusyeosseoyo | 머금으셨습니다 meogeumeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 머금으시느냐 meogeumeusineunya | 머금으셔 meogeumeusyeo | 머금으세요, 머금으셔요 meogeumeuseyo, meogeumeusyeoyo | 머금으십니까 meogeumeusimnikka |
| Past | 머금으셨느냐 meogeumeusyeonneunya | 머금으셨어 meogeumeusyeosseo | 머금으셨어요 meogeumeusyeosseoyo | 머금으셨습니까 meogeumeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 머금으시라 meogeumeusira | 머금으셔 meogeumeusyeo | 머금으세요 meogeumeuseyo | 머금으십시오 meogeumeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 머금으시겠다 meogeumeusigetda | 머금으시겠어 meogeumeusigesseo | 머금으시겠어요 meogeumeusigesseoyo | 머금으시겠습니다 meogeumeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 머금으셔 meogeumeusyeo | 머금으셔서 meogeumeusyeoseo | 머금으시니 meogeumeusini | 머금으시니까 meogeumeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 머금으시지만 meogeumeusijiman | 머금으시는데 meogeumeusineunde | 머금으시더니 meogeumeusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 머금으시고 meogeumeusigo | ||||
| Condition | 머금으시면 meogeumeusimyeon | 머금으셔야 meogeumeusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 머금으시려고 meogeumeusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 머금으심 meogeumeusim | 머금으시기 meogeumeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 머금으셨음 meogeumeusyeosseum | 머금으셨기 meogeumeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 머금으신 meogeumeusin | |||
| Present | 머금으시는 meogeumeusineun | ||||
| Future | 머금으실 meogeumeusil | ||||