망하다
Korean
Etymology
망(亡) (mang, “ruin”, Sino-Korean morpheme) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ma̠ŋɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [망하다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | manghada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | manghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | manghada |
| Yale Romanization? | manghata |
Verb
망하다 • (manghada) (infinitive 망해 or 망하여, sequential 망하니) (intransitive)
- to fail, to go under; to go broke, to go bankrupt
- Antonym: 흥(興)하다 (heunghada)
- 완전히 망하다 ― wanjeonhi manghada ― to fail completely
- 한국은 심각한 저출산으로 인해 몇십 년 뒤에 망하게 생겼다.
- han'gug-eun simgakhan jeochulsan-euro inhae myeotsip nyeon dwi-e manghage saenggyeotda.
- Korea is going to perish a few decades later due to its severely low birthrate.
- 2013 June, 유응오, 이번 생은 망했다 우리 시대 고승 18인의 출가기, 샘터사, →ISBN:
- 이번 생은 망했다우리 시대 고승 18인의 출가기
- ibeon saeng-eun manghaetda - uri sidae goseung sip'parin-ui chulgagi
- This life time has been ruined - the journey of entering priesthood by 18 priests of our time
- 2018 April, NN, 우리 집은 망했다, 이색, →ISBN:
- 우리 집은 망했다.
- uri jib-eun manghaetda.
- My family has gone under.
- (Pyongan, Gyeonggi, Gangwon) to be bad, to be rough, to be immoral; to not like: Unlike the Standard Korean definition, there are multiple uses of the term and can be used interchangeably with 나쁘다 (nappeuda), 싫다 (silta) and a variety of other more negative verbs.
- 그 사람이 왜 이렇게 망허네? (Pyongan)
- geu saram-i wae ireoke mangheone?
- Why is that person so bad?
- 나 버스 타는 게 망해라서.
- na beoseu taneun ge manghaeraseo.
- Because I don't like taking the bus.
- 저 근너 바우 하나가 망했구나. (Gangwon, Yangyang)
- jeo geunneo bau hana-ga Manghaetguna.
- So that opposite boulder was bad.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 망하다 (manghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 망한다 manghanda | 망해 manghae | 망해요 manghaeyo | 망합니다 manghamnida |
| Past | 망했다 manghaetda | 망했어 manghaesseo | 망했어요 manghaesseoyo | 망했습니다 manghaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 망하느냐 manghaneunya | 망해 manghae | 망해요 manghaeyo | 망합니까 manghamnikka |
| Past | 망했느냐 manghaenneunya | 망했어 manghaesseo | 망했어요 manghaesseoyo | 망했습니까 manghaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 망하자 manghaja | 망해 manghae | 망해요 manghaeyo | 망합시다 manghapsida | |
| Imperative | 망해라, 망하여라 manghaera, manghayeora | 망해 manghae | 망해요 manghaeyo | 망합시오 manghapsio | |
| Assertive | 망하겠다 manghagetda | 망하겠어 manghagesseo | 망하겠어요 manghagesseoyo | 망하겠습니다 manghagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 망해 manghae | 망해서, 망하여서 manghaeseo, manghayeoseo | 망하니 manghani | 망하니까 manghanikka | |
| Contrast | 망하지만 manghajiman | 망하는데 manghaneunde | 망하더니 manghadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 망하고 manghago | ||||
| Condition | 망하면 manghamyeon | 망해야, 망하여야 manghaeya, manghayeoya | |||
| Motive | 망하려고 mangharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 망함 mangham | 망하기 manghagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 망했음, 망하였음 manghaesseum, manghayeosseum | 망했기, 망하였기 manghaetgi, manghayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 망한 manghan | |||
| Present | 망하는 manghaneun | ||||
| Future | 망할 manghal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 망하신다 manghasinda | 망하셔 manghasyeo | 망하세요, 망하셔요 manghaseyo, manghasyeoyo | 망하십니다 manghasimnida |
| Past | 망하셨다 manghasyeotda | 망하셨어 manghasyeosseo | 망하셨어요 manghasyeosseoyo | 망하셨습니다 manghasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 망하시느냐 manghasineunya | 망하셔 manghasyeo | 망하세요, 망하셔요 manghaseyo, manghasyeoyo | 망하십니까 manghasimnikka |
| Past | 망하셨느냐 manghasyeonneunya | 망하셨어 manghasyeosseo | 망하셨어요 manghasyeosseoyo | 망하셨습니까 manghasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 망하시라 manghasira | 망하셔 manghasyeo | 망하세요 manghaseyo | 망하십시오 manghasipsio | |
| Assertive | 망하시겠다 manghasigetda | 망하시겠어 manghasigesseo | 망하시겠어요 manghasigesseoyo | 망하시겠습니다 manghasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 망하셔 manghasyeo | 망하셔서 manghasyeoseo | 망하시니 manghasini | 망하시니까 manghasinikka | |
| Contrast | 망하시지만 manghasijiman | 망하시는데 manghasineunde | 망하시더니 manghasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 망하시고 manghasigo | ||||
| Condition | 망하시면 manghasimyeon | 망하셔야 manghasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 망하시려고 manghasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 망하심 manghasim | 망하시기 manghasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 망하셨음 manghasyeosseum | 망하셨기 manghasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 망하신 manghasin | |||
| Present | 망하시는 manghasineun | ||||
| Future | 망하실 manghasil | ||||