리
(see above for verbal suffixes)
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| 리릭릮릯린릱릲 릳릴릵릶릷릸릹 릺릻림립릾릿맀 링맂맃맄맅맆맇 | |
| 릐 ← | → 마 |
|---|---|
See also: -리- and -리
Korean
Etymology 1
Sino-Korean word from 理 (理, “reason; logic”).
Pronunciation 1
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾi]
- Phonetic hangul: [리]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | ri |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | li |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ri |
| Yale Romanization? | li |
Dependent noun
리 • (ri) (hanja 理)
- (usually in the negative or the interrogative) way, reason, sense
- 그럴 리가 없다. ― geureol ri-ga eopda. ― That can't be true.
- 주인공이 죽을 리가 있겠냐? ― ju'in'gong-i jugeul ri-ga itgennya? ― How does it make sense for the main character to die?
- 1908, 이인직, 雉岳山, volume I, page 32:
- ᄀᆡ화ᄒᆞᆫ 아들 잇것다 ᄀᆡ화ᄒᆞᆫ 며누리 잇것다 집이 잘 되지 망ᄒᆞᆯ 리가 있소
- gaehwa-han adeul itgeotda gaehwa-han myeonuri itgeotda jib-i jal doeji mang-hal ri-ga itso
- We have a Westernized son, we have a Westernized daughter-in-law; of course our family will do well, how on earth could it go to ruin?
Pronunciation 2
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾi(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [리(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | ri |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | li |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ri |
| Yale Romanization? | lī |
Noun
| South Korean Standard Language | 이/리(理) (i/ri) |
|---|---|
| North Korean Standard Language | 리(理) (ri) |
리 • (ri) (hanja 理)
- (East Asian philosophy, especially Confucianism) li, the underlying ordering principle of the cosmos
- Coordinate term: 기(氣) (gi, vital force engendering the cosmos)
Usage notes
- In the case of this specific word, the 리 (ri) pronunciation is common even in South Korea. The reason may be to avoid homophony with other Chinese characters, given the context of East Asian philosophy where single-character Chinese terms are common.
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 理 (理) for Sino-Korean compounds of 리 (理, ri).
Etymology 2
Sino-Korean word from 里 (里, “village; unit of distance”).
Noun
| South Korean Standard Language | 이/리(里) (i/ri) |
|---|---|
| North Korean Standard Language | 리(里) (ri) |
리 • (ri) (hanja 里)
- (government) village; a Korean administrative division covering a small settlement and its surrounding hinterland.
Usage notes
- 이(里) (i) is the prescriptive form in the South Korean standard, but 리(里) (ri) is more common.
Coordinate terms
- (Administrative divisions of South Korea) 리(里) (ri), 동(洞) (dong), 면(面) (myeon), 읍(邑) (eup), 구(區) (gu), 군(郡) (gun), 시(市) (si), 도(道) (do)
Counter
리 • (ri) (hanja 里)
- li; East Asian unit of distance (traditionally around 393 meters in Korea)
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 里 (里) for Sino-Korean compounds of 리 (里, ri).
Etymology 3
Sino-Korean word from 李 (李), Middle Korean reading 리〯 (Lǐ) and 니〯 (Nǐ).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾi(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [리(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | Ri |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | Li |
| McCune–Reischauer? | Ri |
| Yale Romanization? | lī |
Proper noun
| South Korean Standard Language | 이(李) (I) |
|---|---|
| North Korean Standard Language | 리(李) (Ri) |
리 • (Ri) (hanja 李)
- North Korea standard form of 이(李) (I, “Lee”, the second most common Korean surname).
Usage notes
- Most South Koreans romanize it as "Lee", but in North Korea the common romanization is "Ri".
Etymology 4
Sino-Korean word from 裏/裡 (“inside”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾi]
- Phonetic hangul: [리]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | ri |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | li |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ri |
| Yale Romanization? | li |
Suffix
—리 • (-ri) (hanja 裏/裡)
- inside, within, inner
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 裏 (裏) for Sino-Korean compounds of 리 (裏, ri).
Etymology 5
Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters, when preceded by another character in a compound. When used as the first character of a compound or in isolation, they are pronounced as 이 (i).
Following a language reform in the mid-twentieth century, North Koreans always read them as 리 (ri) in any position, but this was not standard before the division of Korea.
Syllable
리 (ri)
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References
- Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 14.
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.