듣다
Korean
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tɯt̚t͈a̠]
(file)
- Phonetic hangul: [듣따]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | deutda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | deudda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | tŭtta |
| Yale Romanization? | tut.ta |
Etymology 1
First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 듣다〮 (Yale: tùt-tá).
Verb
| Base | 듣다 (deutda) |
|---|---|
| Causative | 들리다 (deullida) |
| Passive | 들리다 (deullida) |
듣다 • (deutda) (irregular, infinitive 들어, sequential 들으니)
- (transitive) to listen, to hear
- 그 노래를 들을 때마다 난 꽤 우울해 진다.
- Geu norae-reul deureul ttaemada nan kkwae uulhae jinda.
- That song gets me so depressed every time I hear it.
- (transitive) to take a course, to take a subject
- 이번 학기에 몇 과목 들으세요?
- Ibeon hakgi-e myeot gwamok deureuseyo?
- How many courses do you take this semester?
- (intransitive, of medicine) to be effective
- 이 약은 감기에 정말 잘 듣는다.
- I yag-eun gamgi-e jeongmal jal deunneunda.
- This medicine is really effective against colds.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 듣다 (deutda): consonant-stem, ㄷ(d)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 듣는다 deunneunda | 들어 deureo | 들어요 deureoyo | 듣습니다 deutseumnida |
| Past | 들었다 deureotda | 들었어 deureosseo | 들었어요 deureosseoyo | 들었습니다 deureotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 듣느냐 deunneunya | 들어 deureo | 들어요 deureoyo | 듣습니까 deutseumnikka |
| Past | 들었느냐 deureonneunya | 들었어 deureosseo | 들었어요 deureosseoyo | 들었습니까 deureotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 듣자 deutja | 들어 deureo | 들어요 deureoyo | 들읍시다 deureupsida | |
| Imperative | 들어라 deureora | 들어 deureo | 들어요 deureoyo | 들읍시오 deureupsio | |
| Assertive | 듣겠다 deutgetda | 듣겠어 deutgesseo | 듣겠어요 deutgesseoyo | 듣겠습니다 deutgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 들어 deureo | 들어서 deureoseo | 들으니 deureuni | 들으니까 deureunikka | |
| Contrast | 듣지만 deutjiman | 듣는데 deunneunde | 듣더니 deutdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 듣고 deutgo | ||||
| Condition | 들으면 deureumyeon | 들어야 deureoya | |||
| Motive | 들으려고 deureuryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 들음 deureum | 듣기 deutgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 들었음 deureosseum | 들었기 deureotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 들은 deureun | |||
| Present | 듣는 deunneun | ||||
| Future | 들을 deureul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 들으신다 deureusinda | 들으셔 deureusyeo | 들으세요, 들으셔요 deureuseyo, deureusyeoyo | 들으십니다 deureusimnida |
| Past | 들으셨다 deureusyeotda | 들으셨어 deureusyeosseo | 들으셨어요 deureusyeosseoyo | 들으셨습니다 deureusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 들으시느냐 deureusineunya | 들으셔 deureusyeo | 들으세요, 들으셔요 deureuseyo, deureusyeoyo | 들으십니까 deureusimnikka |
| Past | 들으셨느냐 deureusyeonneunya | 들으셨어 deureusyeosseo | 들으셨어요 deureusyeosseoyo | 들으셨습니까 deureusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 들으시라 deureusira | 들으셔 deureusyeo | 들으세요 deureuseyo | 들으십시오 deureusipsio | |
| Assertive | 들으시겠다 deureusigetda | 들으시겠어 deureusigesseo | 들으시겠어요 deureusigesseoyo | 들으시겠습니다 deureusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 들으셔 deureusyeo | 들으셔서 deureusyeoseo | 들으시니 deureusini | 들으시니까 deureusinikka | |
| Contrast | 들으시지만 deureusijiman | 들으시는데 deureusineunde | 들으시더니 deureusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 들으시고 deureusigo | ||||
| Condition | 들으시면 deureusimyeon | 들으셔야 deureusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 들으시려고 deureusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 들으심 deureusim | 들으시기 deureusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 들으셨음 deureusyeosseum | 들으셨기 deureusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 들으신 deureusin | |||
| Present | 들으시는 deureusineun | ||||
| Future | 들으실 deureusil | ||||
Etymology 2
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 듣〯다〮 (Yale: tǔt-tá).
Verb
듣다 • (deutda) (irregular, infinitive 들어, sequential 들으니)
- (intransitive) to drip, to drop (nowadays only of drops of liquid)
- c. 1790, 樂學拾零 (Akhak Seumnyeong) [Tidbits of the Musical Sciences]:
- 아희 업ᄉᆞᆫ 깁흔 골에 밤은 ᄯᅮᆨᄯᅮᆨ 절노 듯고
- ahui eopseun gipheun gore bameun ttukttuk jeollo deutgo
- In the deep and childless vale, chestnuts are dropping by themselves
- 2015, 조낭희, “승주 선암사”, in Kyongbuk Maeil:
- 봄비 몇 방울이 듣다가 그친다
- bombi myeot bang'ur-i deutdaga geuchinda
- A few drops of spring rain drip, then come to an end.
- Synonym: 떨어지다 (tteoreojida)
-
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 듣다 (deutda): consonant-stem, ㄷ(d)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 듣는다 deunneunda | 들어 deureo | 들어요 deureoyo | 듣습니다 deutseumnida |
| Past | 들었다 deureotda | 들었어 deureosseo | 들었어요 deureosseoyo | 들었습니다 deureotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 듣느냐 deunneunya | 들어 deureo | 들어요 deureoyo | 듣습니까 deutseumnikka |
| Past | 들었느냐 deureonneunya | 들었어 deureosseo | 들었어요 deureosseoyo | 들었습니까 deureotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 듣자 deutja | 들어 deureo | 들어요 deureoyo | 들읍시다 deureupsida | |
| Imperative | 들어라 deureora | 들어 deureo | 들어요 deureoyo | 들읍시오 deureupsio | |
| Assertive | 듣겠다 deutgetda | 듣겠어 deutgesseo | 듣겠어요 deutgesseoyo | 듣겠습니다 deutgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 들어 deureo | 들어서 deureoseo | 들으니 deureuni | 들으니까 deureunikka | |
| Contrast | 듣지만 deutjiman | 듣는데 deunneunde | 듣더니 deutdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 듣고 deutgo | ||||
| Condition | 들으면 deureumyeon | 들어야 deureoya | |||
| Motive | 들으려고 deureuryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 들음 deureum | 듣기 deutgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 들었음 deureosseum | 들었기 deureotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 들은 deureun | |||
| Present | 듣는 deunneun | ||||
| Future | 들을 deureul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 들으신다 deureusinda | 들으셔 deureusyeo | 들으세요, 들으셔요 deureuseyo, deureusyeoyo | 들으십니다 deureusimnida |
| Past | 들으셨다 deureusyeotda | 들으셨어 deureusyeosseo | 들으셨어요 deureusyeosseoyo | 들으셨습니다 deureusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 들으시느냐 deureusineunya | 들으셔 deureusyeo | 들으세요, 들으셔요 deureuseyo, deureusyeoyo | 들으십니까 deureusimnikka |
| Past | 들으셨느냐 deureusyeonneunya | 들으셨어 deureusyeosseo | 들으셨어요 deureusyeosseoyo | 들으셨습니까 deureusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 들으시라 deureusira | 들으셔 deureusyeo | 들으세요 deureuseyo | 들으십시오 deureusipsio | |
| Assertive | 들으시겠다 deureusigetda | 들으시겠어 deureusigesseo | 들으시겠어요 deureusigesseoyo | 들으시겠습니다 deureusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 들으셔 deureusyeo | 들으셔서 deureusyeoseo | 들으시니 deureusini | 들으시니까 deureusinikka | |
| Contrast | 들으시지만 deureusijiman | 들으시는데 deureusineunde | 들으시더니 deureusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 들으시고 deureusigo | ||||
| Condition | 들으시면 deureusimyeon | 들으셔야 deureusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 들으시려고 deureusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 들으심 deureusim | 들으시기 deureusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 들으셨음 deureusyeosseum | 들으셨기 deureusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 들으신 deureusin | |||
| Present | 들으시는 deureusineun | ||||
| Future | 들으실 deureusil | ||||
References
- National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (accessed 2007-06-07), “듣다”, in 표준국어대사전