돼지
Korean
Etymology
From Early Modern Korean 되야지 (twoyyaci), 도야지 (doyaji).
The suffix is 아지 (-aji, suffix for young of animals). The first element appears to be from Middle Korean 돝 (Yale: twòth, “pig, swine”), now preserved dialectally in Jeju, Yukjin Korean, and in some varieties of Southeastern Korean, but the loss of final /-tʰ/ is difficult to explain.
Alexander Vovin speculates that this is a wanderwort, related to Middle Chinese 豚 (MC duən, “pig”) and Common Turkic *toŋuz and perhaps from a Turkic source antecedent to Common Turkic.[1]
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈtwɛ(ː)d͡ʑi] ~ [ˈtwe̞(ː)d͡ʑi]
- Phonetic hangul: [돼(ː)지/뒈(ː)지]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | dwaeji |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | dwaeji |
| McCune–Reischauer? | twaeji |
| Yale Romanization? | twāyci |
- South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 돼지의 / 돼지에 / 돼지까지
Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch only on the first syllable, and lowers the pitch of subsequent suffixes.
Noun
돼지 • (dwaeji) (counter 마리)
- pig, swine
- (derogatory) fatty, pig
- Antonym: 멸치 (myeolchi)
Derived terms
- 개돼지 (gaedwaeji, “ignorant masses”, literally “dogs and pigs”)
- 돼지고기 (dwaejigogi, “pork”)
- 멧돼지 (metdwaeji, “wild boar”)
- 수퇘지 (sutwaeji, “boar”)
- 악대돼지 (akdaedwaeji, “hog”)
- 암퇘지 (amtwaeji, “sow”)
See also
- 豚 (don), a hanja for "pig"
- 豬 (jeo), a hanja for "pig"
Foods
- 베이컨 (beikeon, “bacon”)
- 삼겹살 (samgyeopsal)
- 오겹살 (ogyeopsal)
- 제육 (jeyuk)
- 햄 (haem, “ham”)
References
- Vovin, Alexander (2011), “First and second person singular pronouns: a pillar or a pillory of the ‘Altaic’ hypothesis?”, in Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları, volume 21, issue 2, pages 260—262