동경하다
Korean
Etymology
동경(憧憬) (donggyeong, “yearning, longing”) + 하다 (hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈto̞(ː)ŋɡjʌ̹ŋɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangeul: [동(ː)경하다]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, the great majority of speakers (in both Koreas) no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | donggyeonghada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | donggyeonghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | tonggyŏnghada |
| Yale Romanization? | tōngkyenghata |
Verb
동경하다 • (donggyeonghada) (infinitive 동경해 or 동경하여, sequential 동경하니)
- to yearn, to long
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 동경하다 (donggyeonghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 동경한다 donggyeonghanda | 동경해 donggyeonghae | 동경해요 donggyeonghaeyo | 동경합니다 donggyeonghamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 동경했다 donggyeonghaetda | 동경했어 donggyeonghaesseo | 동경했어요 donggyeonghaesseoyo | 동경했습니다 donggyeonghaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 동경하느냐 donggyeonghaneunya | 동경해 donggyeonghae | 동경해요 donggyeonghaeyo | 동경합니까 donggyeonghamnikka |
| Past | 동경했느냐 donggyeonghaenneunya | 동경했어 donggyeonghaesseo | 동경했어요 donggyeonghaesseoyo | 동경했습니까 donggyeonghaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 동경하자 donggyeonghaja | 동경해 donggyeonghae | 동경해요 donggyeonghaeyo | 동경합시다 donggyeonghapsida | |
| Imperative | 동경해라, 동경하여라 donggyeonghaera, donggyeonghayeora | 동경해 donggyeonghae | 동경해요 donggyeonghaeyo | 동경합시오 donggyeonghapsio | |
| Assertive | 동경하겠다 donggyeonghagetda | 동경하겠어 donggyeonghagesseo | 동경하겠어요 donggyeonghagesseoyo | 동경하겠습니다 donggyeonghagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 동경해 donggyeonghae | 동경해서, 동경하여서 donggyeonghaeseo, donggyeonghayeoseo | 동경하니 donggyeonghani | 동경하니까 donggyeonghanikka | |
| Contrast | 동경하지만 donggyeonghajiman | 동경하는데 donggyeonghaneunde | 동경하더니 donggyeonghadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 동경하고 donggyeonghago | ||||
| Condition | 동경하면 donggyeonghamyeon | 동경해야, 동경하여야 donggyeonghaeya, donggyeonghayeoya | |||
| Motive | 동경하려고 donggyeongharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 동경함 donggyeongham | 동경하기 donggyeonghagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 동경했음, 동경하였음 donggyeonghaesseum, donggyeonghayeosseum | 동경했기, 동경하였기 donggyeonghaetgi, donggyeonghayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 동경한 donggyeonghan | |||
| Present | 동경하는 donggyeonghaneun | ||||
| Future | 동경할 donggyeonghal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 동경하신다 donggyeonghasinda | 동경하셔 donggyeonghasyeo | 동경하세요, 동경하셔요 donggyeonghaseyo, donggyeonghasyeoyo | 동경하십니다 donggyeonghasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 동경하셨다 donggyeonghasyeotda | 동경하셨어 donggyeonghasyeosseo | 동경하셨어요 donggyeonghasyeosseoyo | 동경하셨습니다 donggyeonghasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 동경하시느냐 donggyeonghasineunya | 동경하셔 donggyeonghasyeo | 동경하세요, 동경하셔요 donggyeonghaseyo, donggyeonghasyeoyo | 동경하십니까 donggyeonghasimnikka |
| Past | 동경하셨느냐 donggyeonghasyeonneunya | 동경하셨어 donggyeonghasyeosseo | 동경하셨어요 donggyeonghasyeosseoyo | 동경하셨습니까 donggyeonghasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 동경하시라 donggyeonghasira | 동경하셔 donggyeonghasyeo | 동경하세요 donggyeonghaseyo | 동경하십시오 donggyeonghasipsio | |
| Assertive | 동경하시겠다 donggyeonghasigetda | 동경하시겠어 donggyeonghasigesseo | 동경하시겠어요 donggyeonghasigesseoyo | 동경하시겠습니다 donggyeonghasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 동경하셔 donggyeonghasyeo | 동경하셔서 donggyeonghasyeoseo | 동경하시니 donggyeonghasini | 동경하시니까 donggyeonghasinikka | |
| Contrast | 동경하시지만 donggyeonghasijiman | 동경하시는데 donggyeonghasineunde | 동경하시더니 donggyeonghasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 동경하시고 donggyeonghasigo | ||||
| Condition | 동경하시면 donggyeonghasimyeon | 동경하셔야 donggyeonghasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 동경하시려고 donggyeonghasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 동경하심 donggyeonghasim | 동경하시기 donggyeonghasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 동경하셨음 donggyeonghasyeosseum | 동경하셨기 donggyeonghasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 동경하신 donggyeonghasin | |||
| Present | 동경하시는 donggyeonghasineun | ||||
| Future | 동경하실 donggyeonghasil | ||||