노엽다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Jeongsok eonhae (正俗諺解 / 정속언해, 1518 (李源周敎授本 / 이원주 교수본), as Middle Korean 노홉다 (Yale: nwohwopta). Derived from 노 (怒, no, “anger”) + ᄒᆞ— (ho-, “to do”) (> 하— (ha-)) + —ᄫ— (-W-, adjectival suffix) + —다 (-da, declarative ending).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈno̞(ː)jʌ̹p̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [노(ː)엽따]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | noyeopda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | noyeobda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | noyŏpta |
| Yale Romanization? | nō.yepta |
Adjective
노엽다 • (noyeopda) (irregular, infinitive 노여워, sequential 노여우니)
- to be offended
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 노엽다 (noyeopda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 노엽다 noyeopda | 노여워 noyeowo | 노여워요 noyeowoyo | 노엽습니다 noyeopseumnida |
| Past | 노여웠다 noyeowotda | 노여웠어 noyeowosseo | 노여웠어요 noyeowosseoyo | 노여웠습니다 noyeowotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 노여우냐 noyeounya | 노여워 noyeowo | 노여워요 noyeowoyo | 노엽습니까 noyeopseumnikka |
| Past | 노여웠냐 noyeowonnya | 노여웠어 noyeowosseo | 노여웠어요 noyeowosseoyo | 노여웠습니까 noyeowotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 노엽겠다 noyeopgetda | 노엽겠어 noyeopgesseo | 노엽겠어요 noyeopgesseoyo | 노엽겠습니다 noyeopgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 노여워 noyeowo | 노여워서 noyeowoseo | 노여우니 noyeouni | 노여우니까 noyeounikka | |
| Contrast | 노엽지만 noyeopjiman | 노여운데 noyeounde | 노엽더니 noyeopdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 노엽고 noyeopgo | ||||
| Condition | 노여우면 noyeoumyeon | 노여워야 noyeowoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 노여움 noyeoum | 노엽기 noyeopgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 노여웠음 noyeowosseum | 노여웠기 noyeowotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 노여운 noyeoun | |||
| Future | 노여울 noyeoul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 노여우시다 noyeousida | 노여우셔 noyeousyeo | 노여우세요, 노여우셔요 noyeouseyo, noyeousyeoyo | 노여우십니다 noyeousimnida |
| Past | 노여우셨다 noyeousyeotda | 노여우셨어 noyeousyeosseo | 노여우셨어요 noyeousyeosseoyo | 노여우셨습니다 noyeousyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 노여우시냐 noyeousinya | 노여우셔 noyeousyeo | 노여우세요, 노여우셔요 noyeouseyo, noyeousyeoyo | 노여우십니까 noyeousimnikka |
| Past | 노여우셨냐 noyeousyeonnya | 노여우셨어 noyeousyeosseo | 노여우셨어요 noyeousyeosseoyo | 노여우셨습니까 noyeousyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 노여우시겠다 noyeousigetda | 노여우시겠어 noyeousigesseo | 노여우시겠어요 noyeousigesseoyo | 노여우시겠습니다 noyeousigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 노여우셔 noyeousyeo | 노여우셔서 noyeousyeoseo | 노여우시니 noyeousini | 노여우시니까 noyeousinikka | |
| Contrast | 노여우시지만 noyeousijiman | 노여우신데 noyeousinde | 노여우시더니 noyeousideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 노여우시고 noyeousigo | ||||
| Condition | 노여우시면 noyeousimyeon | 노여우셔야 noyeousyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 노여우심 noyeousim | 노여우시기 noyeousigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 노여우셨음 noyeousyeosseum | 노여우셨기 noyeousyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 노여우신 noyeousin | |||
| Future | 노여우실 noyeousil | ||||
Related terms
- Causative form: 노엽히다 (noyeophida)