네

네	U+B124, 네 HANGUL SYLLABLE NE

Composition:

ㄴ + ㅔ

← 넣
[U+B123]

Hangul Syllables

넥 →
[U+B125]

See also: -네

너 ←	→ 녀
네넥넦넧넨넩넪 넫넬넭넮넯넰넱 넲넳넴넵넶넷넸 넹넺넻넼넽넾넿

Jeju

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ne̞/

Etymology 1

See Korean 네 (ne).

Determiner

네 (ne)

four

Etymology 2

See Korean 내 (nae).

Noun

네 (ne)

smoke

References

“네” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 迺 (Yale: *nay).

In the Hangul script, first attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 네〯 (Yale: něy).

Beyond Middle Korean, the reconstruction of the ancestral Koreanic root for "four" is difficult. See a list of relevant attestations and forms in Appendix:Historical Koreanic numerals#Four.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ne̞(ː)]
Phonetic hangul: [네(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	ne
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	ne
McCune–Reischauer^?	ne
Yale Romanization^?	nēy

Determiner

**Korean numbers ^(edit)**
	40
^{[a], [b], [c]} ← 3	4	5 → ^{[a], [b]}
Native isol.: 넷 (net) Native attr.: 네 (ne), (dated) 넉 (neok), (archaic) 너 (neo) Sino-Korean: 사 (sa) Hanja: 四 (四) Ordinal: 넷째 (netjjae)

네 • (ne)

(native numeral) four (of something)
학생 네 명 ― haksaeng ne myeong ― four students
비둘기 네 마리 ― bidulgi ne mari ― four pigeons
네 개의 그림이 있습니다. ― ne gae-ui geurim-i itseumnida. ― There are four pictures.

Usage notes

In modern Korean, numbers are usually written in Arabic numerals.

The Korean language has two sets of numerals: a native set of numerals inherited from Old Korean, and a Sino-Korean set which was borrowed from Middle Chinese in the first millennium C.E.

Native classifiers take native numerals.

개 한 마리 (gae han mari, “one dog”, native numeral)
나무 두 그루 (namu du geuru, “two trees”, native numeral)

Some Sino-Korean classifiers take native numerals, others take Sino-Korean numerals, while yet others take both.

종이 두 장(張) (jong'i du jang, “two sheets of paper”, native numeral)
이 분(分) (i bun, “two minutes”, Sino-Korean numeral)
서른/삼십 명(名) (seoreun/samsip myeong, “thirty people”, both sets possible)

Recently loaned classifiers generally take Sino-Korean numerals.

일 킬로미터 (il killomiteo, “one kilometer”, Sino-Korean numeral)

For many terms, a native numeral has a quantifying sense, whereas a Sino-Korean numeral has a sense of labeling.

세 반(班) (se ban, “three school classes”, native numeral)
삼 반(班) (sam ban, “Class Number Three”, Sino-Korean numeral)

When used in isolation, native numerals refer to objects of that number and are used in counting and quantifying, whereas Sino-Korean numerals refer to the numbers in a more mathematical sense.

하나만 더 주세요 (hana-man deo juse-yo, “Could you give me just one more, please”, native numeral)
일 더하기 일은? (il deohagi il-eun?, “What's one plus one?”, Sino-Korean numeral)

While older stages of Korean had native numerals up to the thousands, native numerals currently exist only up to ninety-nine, and Sino-Korean is used for all higher numbers. There is also a tendency—particularly among younger speakers—to uniformly use Sino-Korean numerals for the higher tens as well, so that native numerals such as 일흔 (ilheun, “seventy”) or 아흔 (aheun, “ninety”) are becoming less common.

Etymology 2

Probably from the same source as 예 (ye), plausibly *녜 (*nye) (apparently not directly attested).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ne̞]
Phonetic hangul: [네]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	ne
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	ne
McCune–Reischauer^?	ne
Yale Romanization^?	ney

Interjection

네 • (ne)

(polite) yes
네, 알겠습니다. ― ne, al-get-seumnida. ― Yes, I understand.

Usage notes

Korean has a number of words for "yes". 예 (ye) is highly polite and formal, appropriate in an interview; 네 (ne) is polite but less formal, appropriate in a conversation with parents; and 응 (eung) and 어 (eo) are plain and non-formal, appropriate in a conversation with friends.

Etymology 3

nominative: From Middle Korean 네〯 (ně-y).; Equivalent to a contraction of 너 (neo, “you”) +‎ 이 (-i, nominative case marker), which is no longer grammatically accepted.

genitive: From Middle Korean 네 (nèy).; Equivalent to a contraction of 너 (neo, “you”) +‎ 의 (-ui, genitive case marker).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ni] ~ [ne̞]
Phonetic hangul: [니/네]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	ni/ne
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	ni/ne
McCune–Reischauer^?	ni/ne
Yale Romanization^?	ni/ney

Pronoun

네 • (ne)

Form of 너 (neo, “you”):
1. Only used in 네가 (nega): the nominative form of 너 (neo, “you”).
2. your; genitive of 너 (neo, “you”).

Usage notes

Usually pronounced 니 (ni) to avoid homophony with 내 (nae, “I, me; my”). The 네 (ne) pronunciation is still used in reading literature, songs, etc.
(nominative): 너가 (neo-ga) is increasingly common.
(genitive): 너 (neo) used attributively, without any genitive marking, is also common.

Etymology 4

Related to 누구 (nugu). Possibly descended from 뉘〯 (Yale: nwǔy).

Pronoun

네 • (ne)

(Koryo-mar) who, whom
- 2015 February 18, 신 크세이냐 본서너브나, “내 덕에 먹고 산다”, in 한국구비문학대계‎, 우즈베키스탄 타쉬켄트 이크마을:
  야 너는 네 덕에 사는가?
  ya neo-neun ne deog-e sa-neun'ga?
  Hey, thanks to who is it that you live well?