내려오다
Korean
Etymology
From 내리— (naeri-, “to descend”) + 오— (o-, “to come”). First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄂᆞ려오다 (Yale: nolyewota)..
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[ne̞ɾjʌ̹o̞da̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[내려오다]
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Verb
내려오다 • (naeryeooda) (infinitive 내려와, sequential 내려오니)
- to come down, to descend, to get off
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 내려오다 (naeryeooda)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 내려오 (naeryeoo) |
| Stem 2 | 내려와 (naeryeowa) |
| Stem 2a | 내려오너 (naeryeooneo) |
| Stem 3 | 내려오 (naeryeoo) |
| Conjugation type | Vowel-stem, 오(o)-irregular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 내려온다 naeryeoonda | 내려와 naeryeowa | 내려와요 naeryeowayo | 내려옵니다 naeryeoomnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 내려왔다 naeryeowatda | 내려왔어 naeryeowasseo | 내려왔어요 naeryeowasseoyo | 내려왔습니다 naeryeowatseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 내려오느냐 naeryeooneunya | 내려와 naeryeowa | 내려와요 naeryeowayo | 내려옵니까 naeryeoomnikka |
| Past | 내려왔느냐 naeryeowanneunya | 내려왔어 naeryeowasseo | 내려왔어요 naeryeowasseoyo | 내려왔습니까 naeryeowatseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 내려오자 naeryeooja | 내려와 naeryeowa | 내려와요 naeryeowayo | 내려옵시다 naeryeoopsida | |
| Imperative | 내려오너라, 내려와라 naeryeooneora, naeryeowara | 내려와 naeryeowa | 내려와요 naeryeowayo | 내려옵시오 naeryeoopsio | |
| Assertive | 내려오겠다 naeryeoogetda | 내려오겠어 naeryeoogesseo | 내려오겠어요 naeryeoogesseoyo | 내려오겠습니다 naeryeoogetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 내려와 naeryeowa | 내려와서 naeryeowaseo | 내려오니 naeryeooni | 내려오니까 naeryeoonikka | |
| Contrast | 내려오지만 naeryeoojiman | 내려오는데 naeryeooneunde | 내려오더니 naeryeoodeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 내려오고 naeryeoogo | ||||
| Condition | 내려오면 naeryeoomyeon | 내려와야 naeryeowaya | |||
| Motive | 내려오려고 naeryeooryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 내려옴 naeryeoom | 내려오기 naeryeoogi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 내려왔음 naeryeowasseum | 내려왔기 naeryeowatgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 내려온 naeryeoon | |||
| Present | 내려오는 naeryeooneun | ||||
| Future | 내려올 naeryeool | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 내려오신다 naeryeoosinda | 내려오셔 naeryeoosyeo | 내려오세요, 내려오셔요 naeryeooseyo, naeryeoosyeoyo | 내려오십니다 naeryeoosimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 내려오셨다 naeryeoosyeotda | 내려오셨어 naeryeoosyeosseo | 내려오셨어요 naeryeoosyeosseoyo | 내려오셨습니다 naeryeoosyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 내려오시느냐 naeryeoosineunya | 내려오셔 naeryeoosyeo | 내려오세요, 내려오셔요 naeryeooseyo, naeryeoosyeoyo | 내려오십니까 naeryeoosimnikka |
| Past | 내려오셨느냐 naeryeoosyeonneunya | 내려오셨어 naeryeoosyeosseo | 내려오셨어요 naeryeoosyeosseoyo | 내려오셨습니까 naeryeoosyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 내려오시라 naeryeoosira | 내려오셔 naeryeoosyeo | 내려오세요 naeryeooseyo | 내려오십시오 naeryeoosipsio | |
| Assertive | 내려오시겠다 naeryeoosigetda | 내려오시겠어 naeryeoosigesseo | 내려오시겠어요 naeryeoosigesseoyo | 내려오시겠습니다 naeryeoosigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 내려오셔 naeryeoosyeo | 내려오셔서 naeryeoosyeoseo | 내려오시니 naeryeoosini | 내려오시니까 naeryeoosinikka | |
| Contrast | 내려오시지만 naeryeoosijiman | 내려오시는데 naeryeoosineunde | 내려오시더니 naeryeoosideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 내려오시고 naeryeoosigo | ||||
| Condition | 내려오시면 naeryeoosimyeon | 내려오셔야 naeryeoosyeoya | |||
| Motive | 내려오시려고 naeryeoosiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 내려오심 naeryeoosim | 내려오시기 naeryeoosigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 내려오셨음 naeryeoosyeosseum | 내려오셨기 naeryeoosyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 내려오신 naeryeoosin | |||
| Present | 내려오시는 naeryeoosineun | ||||
| Future | 내려오실 naeryeoosil | ||||