나무
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 南木 (Yale: *nàmò(k)). Also attested in the same source as 南 (Yale: *nàm) and as 南記 (Yale: *nàmkí). Ultimately from ancestral *nàmòk.[1] Compare with Old Chinese 木 (*C.mˤok)
In the Hangul script, first attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 나모 (Yale: nàmwò). The Middle Korean word had two allomorphs, surfacing as 나모 (nàmwò) in isolation and when followed by a consonant-initial suffix and as 나ᇚ (nàmk-) when followed by a vowel-initial suffix. The distinction is maintained in eastern Korean dialects.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [na̠mu]
- Phonetic hangul: [나무]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | namu |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | namu |
| McCune–Reischauer? | namu |
| Yale Romanization? | namu |
- South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 나무의 / 나무에 / 나무까지
Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch only on the second syllable, except before consonant-initial multisyllabic suffixes, when it takes full low pitch.
Noun
나무 • (namu) (counter 그루)
- tree
- wood
- 나무는 종이를 만드는 재료로 쓰인다.
- Namu-neun jong'i-reul mandeuneun jaeryo-ro sseu'inda.
- Wood is used as a material to make paper.
(file)
- 최근의 어느 바람 불던 날, 수백명의 방문객이 빙하 앞에서 사진을 찍으려고 나무 계단을 올라갔다.
- Choegeun-ui eoneu baram buldeon nal, subaengmyeong-ui bangmun'gaeg-i bingha ap-eseo sajin-eul jjigeuryeogo namu gyedan-eul ollagatda.
- On a recent windy day, hundreds of visitors climbed wooden stairs to take pictures in front of the glacier.
Derived terms
- 가시나무 (gasinamu)
- 개암나무 (gaeamnamu)
- 국수나무 (guksunamu)
- 나무껍질 (namukkeopjil)
- 나무꾼 (namukkun)
- 나무늘보 (namuneulbo)
- 나무딸기 (namuttalgi, “raspberry”)
- 나무줄기 (namujulgi, “tree trunk”)
- 나무하다 (namuhada)
- 나뭇가지 (namutgaji)
- 나뭇결 (namutgyeol)
- 나뭇등걸 (namutdeunggeol, “tree stump”)
- 나뭇잎 (namunnip)
- 느릅나무 (neureumnamu, “elm”)
- 느티나무 (neutinamu, “zelkova”)
- 닥나무 (dangnamu)
- 단풍나무 (danpungnamu)
- 등나무 (deungnamu, “wisteria”)
- 땔나무 (ttaellamu, “firewood”)
- 물푸레나무 (mulpurenamu)
- 벚나무 (beonnamu, “cherry tree”)
- 비파나무 (bipanamu)
- 사철나무 (sacheollamu)
- 산딸나무 (santtallamu)
- 삼나무 (samnamu)
- 소나무 (sonamu)
- 자귀나무 (jagwinamu, “silk tree”)
- 자두나무 (jadunamu)
- 참나무 (chamnamu)
- 통나무 (tongnamu)
- 향나무 (hyangnamu)
- 화살나무 (hwasallamu)
References
- Lee, Ki-Moon; Ramsey, S. Robert (2011) A History of the Korean Language, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 147