꺼리다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Yongbi eocheonga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄭᅥ리다 (Yale: skelita).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [k͈ʌ̹ɾida̠]
- Phonetic hangeul: [꺼리다]
|
Verb
꺼리다 • (kkeorida) (infinitive 꺼려 or 꺼리어, sequential 꺼리니)
- to hesitate to do; to shy away from; to avoid
- 어릴 적에 개한테 물려서 지금도 동물을 꺼려 해.
- Eoril jeoge gaehante mullyeoseo jigeumdo dongmureul kkeoryeo hae.
- Because he was bitten by a dog when he was young, he still avoids animals.
Derived terms
- 꺼림칙하다 (kkeorimchikhada, “to be uncanny”)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 꺼리다 (kkeorida)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 꺼리 (kkeori) |
| Stem 2 | 꺼려 (kkeoryeo) |
| Stem 2a | 꺼리어 (kkeorieo) |
| Stem 3 | 꺼리 (kkeori) |
| Conjugation type | Vowel-stem, regular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 꺼린다 kkeorinda | 꺼려 kkeoryeo | 꺼려요, 꺼리어요 kkeoryeoyo, kkeorieoyo | 꺼립니다 kkeorimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 꺼렸다 kkeoryeotda | 꺼렸어 kkeoryeosseo | 꺼렸어요 kkeoryeosseoyo | 꺼렸습니다 kkeoryeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 꺼리느냐 kkeorineunya | 꺼려 kkeoryeo | 꺼려요, 꺼리어요 kkeoryeoyo, kkeorieoyo | 꺼립니까 kkeorimnikka |
| Past | 꺼렸느냐 kkeoryeonneunya | 꺼렸어 kkeoryeosseo | 꺼렸어요 kkeoryeosseoyo | 꺼렸습니까 kkeoryeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 꺼리자 kkeorija | 꺼려 kkeoryeo | 꺼려요, 꺼리어요 kkeoryeoyo, kkeorieoyo | 꺼립시다 kkeoripsida | |
| Imperative | 꺼려라, 꺼리어라 kkeoryeora, kkeorieora | 꺼려 kkeoryeo | 꺼려요, 꺼리어요 kkeoryeoyo, kkeorieoyo | 꺼립시오 kkeoripsio | |
| Assertive | 꺼리겠다 kkeorigetda | 꺼리겠어 kkeorigesseo | 꺼리겠어요 kkeorigesseoyo | 꺼리겠습니다 kkeorigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 꺼려 kkeoryeo | 꺼려서, 꺼리어서 kkeoryeoseo, kkeorieoseo | 꺼리니 kkeorini | 꺼리니까 kkeorinikka | |
| Contrast | 꺼리지만 kkeorijiman | 꺼리는데 kkeorineunde | 꺼리더니 kkeorideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 꺼리고 kkeorigo | ||||
| Condition | 꺼리면 kkeorimyeon | 꺼려야, 꺼리어야 kkeoryeoya, kkeorieoya | |||
| Motive | 꺼리려고 kkeoriryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 꺼림 kkeorim | 꺼리기 kkeorigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 꺼렸음, 꺼리었음 kkeoryeosseum, kkeorieosseum | 꺼렸기, 꺼리었기 kkeoryeotgi, kkeorieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 꺼린 kkeorin | |||
| Present | 꺼리는 kkeorineun | ||||
| Future | 꺼릴 kkeoril | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 꺼리신다 kkeorisinda | 꺼리셔 kkeorisyeo | 꺼리세요, 꺼리셔요 kkeoriseyo, kkeorisyeoyo | 꺼리십니다 kkeorisimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 꺼리셨다 kkeorisyeotda | 꺼리셨어 kkeorisyeosseo | 꺼리셨어요 kkeorisyeosseoyo | 꺼리셨습니다 kkeorisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 꺼리시느냐 kkeorisineunya | 꺼리셔 kkeorisyeo | 꺼리세요, 꺼리셔요 kkeoriseyo, kkeorisyeoyo | 꺼리십니까 kkeorisimnikka |
| Past | 꺼리셨느냐 kkeorisyeonneunya | 꺼리셨어 kkeorisyeosseo | 꺼리셨어요 kkeorisyeosseoyo | 꺼리셨습니까 kkeorisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 꺼리시라 kkeorisira | 꺼리셔 kkeorisyeo | 꺼리세요 kkeoriseyo | 꺼리십시오 kkeorisipsio | |
| Assertive | 꺼리시겠다 kkeorisigetda | 꺼리시겠어 kkeorisigesseo | 꺼리시겠어요 kkeorisigesseoyo | 꺼리시겠습니다 kkeorisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 꺼리셔 kkeorisyeo | 꺼리셔서 kkeorisyeoseo | 꺼리시니 kkeorisini | 꺼리시니까 kkeorisinikka | |
| Contrast | 꺼리시지만 kkeorisijiman | 꺼리시는데 kkeorisineunde | 꺼리시더니 kkeorisideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 꺼리시고 kkeorisigo | ||||
| Condition | 꺼리시면 kkeorisimyeon | 꺼리셔야 kkeorisyeoya | |||
| Motive | 꺼리시려고 kkeorisiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 꺼리심 kkeorisim | 꺼리시기 kkeorisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 꺼리셨음 kkeorisyeosseum | 꺼리셨기 kkeorisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 꺼리신 kkeorisin | |||
| Present | 꺼리시는 kkeorisineun | ||||
| Future | 꺼리실 kkeorisil | ||||
Usage notes
피하다 (pihada) is also translated as "to avoid", but has a more physical sense, i.e. "to dodge".