굶다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 굶다 (Yale: kwulmta). Compare 곯다 (golta), 고프다 (gopeuda).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[ˈkuːmt͈a̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[굼:따]
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Verb
굶다 • (gumda) (infinitive 굶어, sequential 굶으니)
- (transitive) to skip (a meal), to starve, to fast
- 굶어 죽다
- gulmeo jukda
- to be starved to death
- 굶기를 밥 먹듯 한다
- gumgireul bap meokdeut handa
- (idiom) to starve frequently
- (intransitive or transitive, colloquial, games, gambling) to skip one's turn
- (transitive, colloquial) to be starved for sex
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 굶다 (gumda)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 굶 (gum) |
| Stem 2 | 굶어 (gulmeo) |
| Stem 3 | 굶으 (gulmeu) |
| Conjugation type | Consonant-stem, regular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 굶는다 gumneunda | 굶어 gulmeo | 굶어요 gulmeoyo | 굶습니다 gumseumnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 굶었다 gulmeotda | 굶었어 gulmeosseo | 굶었어요 gulmeosseoyo | 굶었습니다 gulmeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 굶느냐 gumneunya | 굶어 gulmeo | 굶어요 gulmeoyo | 굶습니까 gumseumnikka |
| Past | 굶었느냐 gulmeonneunya | 굶었어 gulmeosseo | 굶었어요 gulmeosseoyo | 굶었습니까 gulmeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 굶자 gumja | 굶어 gulmeo | 굶어요 gulmeoyo | 굶읍시다 gulmeupsida | |
| Imperative | 굶어라 gulmeora | 굶어 gulmeo | 굶어요 gulmeoyo | 굶읍시오 gulmeupsio | |
| Assertive | 굶겠다 gumgetda | 굶겠어 gumgesseo | 굶겠어요 gumgesseoyo | 굶겠습니다 gumgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 굶어 gulmeo | 굶어서 gulmeoseo | 굶으니 gulmeuni | 굶으니까 gulmeunikka | |
| Contrast | 굶지만 gumjiman | 굶는데 gumneunde | 굶더니 gumdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 굶고 gumgo | ||||
| Condition | 굶으면 gulmeumyeon | 굶어야 gulmeoya | |||
| Motive | 굶으려고 gulmeuryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 굶음 gulmeum | 굶기 gumgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 굶었음 gulmeosseum | 굶었기 gulmeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 굶은 gulmeun | |||
| Present | 굶는 gumneun | ||||
| Future | 굶을 gulmeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 굶으신다 gulmeusinda | 굶으셔 gulmeusyeo | 굶으세요, 굶으셔요 gulmeuseyo, gulmeusyeoyo | 굶으십니다 gulmeusimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 굶으셨다 gulmeusyeotda | 굶으셨어 gulmeusyeosseo | 굶으셨어요 gulmeusyeosseoyo | 굶으셨습니다 gulmeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 굶으시느냐 gulmeusineunya | 굶으셔 gulmeusyeo | 굶으세요, 굶으셔요 gulmeuseyo, gulmeusyeoyo | 굶으십니까 gulmeusimnikka |
| Past | 굶으셨느냐 gulmeusyeonneunya | 굶으셨어 gulmeusyeosseo | 굶으셨어요 gulmeusyeosseoyo | 굶으셨습니까 gulmeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 굶으시라 gulmeusira | 굶으셔 gulmeusyeo | 굶으세요 gulmeuseyo | 굶으십시오 gulmeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 굶으시겠다 gulmeusigetda | 굶으시겠어 gulmeusigesseo | 굶으시겠어요 gulmeusigesseoyo | 굶으시겠습니다 gulmeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 굶으셔 gulmeusyeo | 굶으셔서 gulmeusyeoseo | 굶으시니 gulmeusini | 굶으시니까 gulmeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 굶으시지만 gulmeusijiman | 굶으시는데 gulmeusineunde | 굶으시더니 gulmeusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 굶으시고 gulmeusigo | ||||
| Condition | 굶으시면 gulmeusimyeon | 굶으셔야 gulmeusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 굶으시려고 gulmeusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 굶으심 gulmeusim | 굶으시기 gulmeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 굶으셨음 gulmeusyeosseum | 굶으셨기 gulmeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 굶으신 gulmeusin | |||
| Present | 굶으시는 gulmeusineun | ||||
| Future | 굶으실 gulmeusil | ||||
Derived terms
- Causative: 굶기다 (gumgida)
- Compound: 굶주리다 (gumjurida)