과다하다
Korean
Etymology
과다(過多) (gwada) + 하다 (hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈkwa̠(ː)da̠ɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [과(ː)다하다]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, the great majority of speakers (in both Koreas) no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gwadahada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gwadahada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kwadahada |
| Yale Romanization? | kwātahata |
Adjective
과다하다 • (gwadahada) (infinitive 과다해 or 과다하여, sequential 과다하니)
- to be excessive
- Antonym: 과소(過少)하다 (gwasohada)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 과다하다 (gwadahada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 과다하다 gwadahada | 과다해 gwadahae | 과다해요 gwadahaeyo | 과다합니다 gwadahamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 과다했다 gwadahaetda | 과다했어 gwadahaesseo | 과다했어요 gwadahaesseoyo | 과다했습니다 gwadahaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 과다하냐 gwadahanya | 과다해 gwadahae | 과다해요 gwadahaeyo | 과다합니까 gwadahamnikka |
| Past | 과다했냐 gwadahaennya | 과다했어 gwadahaesseo | 과다했어요 gwadahaesseoyo | 과다했습니까 gwadahaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 과다하겠다 gwadahagetda | 과다하겠어 gwadahagesseo | 과다하겠어요 gwadahagesseoyo | 과다하겠습니다 gwadahagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 과다해 gwadahae | 과다해서, 과다하여서 gwadahaeseo, gwadahayeoseo | 과다하니 gwadahani | 과다하니까 gwadahanikka | |
| Contrast | 과다하지만 gwadahajiman | 과다한데 gwadahande | 과다하더니 gwadahadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 과다하고 gwadahago | ||||
| Condition | 과다하면 gwadahamyeon | 과다해야, 과다하여야 gwadahaeya, gwadahayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 과다함 gwadaham | 과다하기 gwadahagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 과다했음, 과다하였음 gwadahaesseum, gwadahayeosseum | 과다했기, 과다하였기 gwadahaetgi, gwadahayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 과다한 gwadahan | |||
| Future | 과다할 gwadahal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 과다하시다 gwadahasida | 과다하셔 gwadahasyeo | 과다하세요, 과다하셔요 gwadahaseyo, gwadahasyeoyo | 과다하십니다 gwadahasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 과다하셨다 gwadahasyeotda | 과다하셨어 gwadahasyeosseo | 과다하셨어요 gwadahasyeosseoyo | 과다하셨습니다 gwadahasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 과다하시냐 gwadahasinya | 과다하셔 gwadahasyeo | 과다하세요, 과다하셔요 gwadahaseyo, gwadahasyeoyo | 과다하십니까 gwadahasimnikka |
| Past | 과다하셨냐 gwadahasyeonnya | 과다하셨어 gwadahasyeosseo | 과다하셨어요 gwadahasyeosseoyo | 과다하셨습니까 gwadahasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 과다하시겠다 gwadahasigetda | 과다하시겠어 gwadahasigesseo | 과다하시겠어요 gwadahasigesseoyo | 과다하시겠습니다 gwadahasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 과다하셔 gwadahasyeo | 과다하셔서 gwadahasyeoseo | 과다하시니 gwadahasini | 과다하시니까 gwadahasinikka | |
| Contrast | 과다하시지만 gwadahasijiman | 과다하신데 gwadahasinde | 과다하시더니 gwadahasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 과다하시고 gwadahasigo | ||||
| Condition | 과다하시면 gwadahasimyeon | 과다하셔야 gwadahasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 과다하심 gwadahasim | 과다하시기 gwadahasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 과다하셨음 gwadahasyeosseum | 과다하셨기 gwadahasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 과다하신 gwadahasin | |||
| Future | 과다하실 gwadahasil | ||||