과거
Korean
Etymology 1
Sino-Korean word from 過去, from 過 (過, “passing”) + 去 (去, “going”)
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈkwa̠(ː)ɡʌ̹]
- Phonetic hangul: [과(ː)거]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | gwageo |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gwageo |
McCune–Reischauer? | kwagŏ |
Yale Romanization? | kwāke |
- South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 과거의 / 과거에 / 과거까지
Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch only on the second syllable, and also heightens the subsequent suffixed syllable.
Noun
과거 • (gwageo) (hanja 過去)
- the past
- one's past
- (grammar) past tense
Synonyms
- 지난날 (jinannal)
Derived terms
- 과거로 (過去路, gwageoro)
- 과거 분사 (過去分詞, gwageo bunsa)
- 과거사 (過去事, gwageosa)
- 과거사 (過去詞, gwageosa)
- 과거 생생 (過去生生, gwageo saengsaeng)
- 과거세 (過去世, gwageose)
- 과거 완료 (過去完了, gwageo wallyo)
- 과거장 (過去帳, gwageojang)
- 과거지사 (過去之事, gwageojisa)
- 과거 지향 (過去指向, gwageo jihyang)
- 과거 진행 (過去進行, gwageo jinhaeng)
- 과거형 (過去形, gwageohyeong)
Etymology 2
Sino-Korean word from 科擧. The "measles" sense comes from a euphemistic reference to the civil service examination as an ordeal as difficult as measles.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kwa̠ɡʌ̹]
- Phonetic hangul: [과거]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | gwageo |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gwageo |
McCune–Reischauer? | kwagŏ |
Yale Romanization? | kwake |
- South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 과거의 / 과거에 / 과거까지
Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch only on the first syllable, and lowers the pitch of subsequent suffixes.
Noun
과거 • (gwageo) (hanja 科擧)
- (historical) civil service examination (to select officials in dynastic China, Korea, and Vietnam)
- (Gyeongsang, euphemistic) measles
- Synonym: 홍역(紅疫) (hong'yeok)
Derived terms
- 과거 제도 (科擧制度, gwageo jedo)
- 과거지보 (科擧之寶, gwageojibo)
Etymology 3
Sino-Korean word from 寡居
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈkwa̠(ː)ɡʌ̹]
- Phonetic hangul: [과(ː)거]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | gwageo |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gwageo |
McCune–Reischauer? | kwagŏ |
Yale Romanization? | kwāke |
Noun
과거 • (gwageo) (hanja 寡居)
- living on one's own as a widow
Etymology 4
Sino-Korean word from 過擧
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈkwa̠(ː)ɡʌ̹]
- Phonetic hangul: [과(ː)거]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | gwageo |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gwageo |
McCune–Reischauer? | kwagŏ |
Yale Romanization? | kwāke |
Noun
과거 • (gwageo) (hanja 過擧)
- excessive behaviour