고통스럽다
Korean
Etymology
From 고통 (苦痛, gotong) + —스럽다 (seureopda).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[ko̞tʰo̞ŋsʰɯɾʌ̹p̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[고통스럽따]
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Adjective
고통스럽다 • (gotongseureopda) (infinitive 고통스럽어, sequential 고통스럽으니)
- (to be) painful, agonizing
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 고통스럽다 (gotongseureopda)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 고통스럽 (gotongseureop) |
| Stem 2 | 고통스럽어 (gotongseureobeo) |
| Stem 3 | 고통스럽으 (gotongseureobeu) |
| Conjugation type | Consonant-stem, regular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 고통스럽다 gotongseureopda | 고통스럽어 gotongseureobeo | 고통스럽어요 gotongseureobeoyo | 고통스럽습니다 gotongseureopseumnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 고통스럽었다 gotongseureobeotda | 고통스럽었어 gotongseureobeosseo | 고통스럽었어요 gotongseureobeosseoyo | 고통스럽었습니다 gotongseureobeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 고통스럽으냐 gotongseureobeunya | 고통스럽어 gotongseureobeo | 고통스럽어요 gotongseureobeoyo | 고통스럽습니까 gotongseureopseumnikka |
| Past | 고통스럽었냐 gotongseureobeonnya | 고통스럽었어 gotongseureobeosseo | 고통스럽었어요 gotongseureobeosseoyo | 고통스럽었습니까 gotongseureobeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 고통스럽겠다 gotongseureopgetda | 고통스럽겠어 gotongseureopgesseo | 고통스럽겠어요 gotongseureopgesseoyo | 고통스럽겠습니다 gotongseureopgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 고통스럽어 gotongseureobeo | 고통스럽어서 gotongseureobeoseo | 고통스럽으니 gotongseureobeuni | 고통스럽으니까 gotongseureobeunikka | |
| Contrast | 고통스럽지만 gotongseureopjiman | 고통스럽은데 gotongseureobeunde | 고통스럽더니 gotongseureopdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 고통스럽고 gotongseureopgo | ||||
| Condition | 고통스럽으면 gotongseureobeumyeon | 고통스럽어야 gotongseureobeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 고통스럽음 gotongseureobeum | 고통스럽기 gotongseureopgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 고통스럽었음 gotongseureobeosseum | 고통스럽었기 gotongseureobeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 고통스럽은 gotongseureobeun | |||
| Future | 고통스럽을 gotongseureobeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 고통스럽으시다 gotongseureobeusida | 고통스럽으셔 gotongseureobeusyeo | 고통스럽으세요, 고통스럽으셔요 gotongseureobeuseyo, gotongseureobeusyeoyo | 고통스럽으십니다 gotongseureobeusimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 고통스럽으셨다 gotongseureobeusyeotda | 고통스럽으셨어 gotongseureobeusyeosseo | 고통스럽으셨어요 gotongseureobeusyeosseoyo | 고통스럽으셨습니다 gotongseureobeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 고통스럽으시냐 gotongseureobeusinya | 고통스럽으셔 gotongseureobeusyeo | 고통스럽으세요, 고통스럽으셔요 gotongseureobeuseyo, gotongseureobeusyeoyo | 고통스럽으십니까 gotongseureobeusimnikka |
| Past | 고통스럽으셨냐 gotongseureobeusyeonnya | 고통스럽으셨어 gotongseureobeusyeosseo | 고통스럽으셨어요 gotongseureobeusyeosseoyo | 고통스럽으셨습니까 gotongseureobeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 고통스럽으시겠다 gotongseureobeusigetda | 고통스럽으시겠어 gotongseureobeusigesseo | 고통스럽으시겠어요 gotongseureobeusigesseoyo | 고통스럽으시겠습니다 gotongseureobeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 고통스럽으셔 gotongseureobeusyeo | 고통스럽으셔서 gotongseureobeusyeoseo | 고통스럽으시니 gotongseureobeusini | 고통스럽으시니까 gotongseureobeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 고통스럽으시지만 gotongseureobeusijiman | 고통스럽으신데 gotongseureobeusinde | 고통스럽으시더니 gotongseureobeusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 고통스럽으시고 gotongseureobeusigo | ||||
| Condition | 고통스럽으시면 gotongseureobeusimyeon | 고통스럽으셔야 gotongseureobeusyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 고통스럽으심 gotongseureobeusim | 고통스럽으시기 gotongseureobeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 고통스럽으셨음 gotongseureobeusyeosseum | 고통스럽으셨기 gotongseureobeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 고통스럽으신 gotongseureobeusin | |||
| Future | 고통스럽으실 gotongseureobeusil | ||||