거르다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Gugeupbang eonhae (救急方諺解 / 구급방언해), 1466, as Middle Korean 거르다 (Yale: keluta).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kʌ̹ɾɯda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [거르다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | georeuda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | geoleuda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kŏrŭda |
| Yale Romanization? | keluta |
Verb
거르다 • (georeuda) (infinitive 걸러, sequential 거르니)
- to sift out, to filter out
- to strain
- (a meal, a turn): to skip, miss
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 거르다 (georeuda): vowel-stem, 르(reu)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 거른다 georeunda | 걸러 geolleo | 걸러요 geolleoyo | 거릅니다 georeumnida |
| Past | 걸렀다 geolleotda | 걸렀어 geolleosseo | 걸렀어요 geolleosseoyo | 걸렀습니다 geolleotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 거르느냐 georeuneunya | 걸러 geolleo | 걸러요 geolleoyo | 거릅니까 georeumnikka |
| Past | 걸렀느냐 geolleonneunya | 걸렀어 geolleosseo | 걸렀어요 geolleosseoyo | 걸렀습니까 geolleotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 거르자 georeuja | 걸러 geolleo | 걸러요 geolleoyo | 거릅시다 georeupsida | |
| Imperative | 걸러라 geolleora | 걸러 geolleo | 걸러요 geolleoyo | 거릅시오 georeupsio | |
| Assertive | 거르겠다 georeugetda | 거르겠어 georeugesseo | 거르겠어요 georeugesseoyo | 거르겠습니다 georeugetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 걸러 geolleo | 걸러서 geolleoseo | 거르니 georeuni | 거르니까 georeunikka | |
| Contrast | 거르지만 georeujiman | 거르는데 georeuneunde | 거르더니 georeudeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 거르고 georeugo | ||||
| Condition | 거르면 georeumyeon | 걸러야 geolleoya | |||
| Motive | 거르려고 georeuryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 거름 georeum | 거르기 georeugi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 걸렀음 geolleosseum | 걸렀기 geolleotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 거른 georeun | |||
| Present | 거르는 georeuneun | ||||
| Future | 거를 georeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 거르신다 georeusinda | 거르셔 georeusyeo | 거르세요, 거르셔요 georeuseyo, georeusyeoyo | 거르십니다 georeusimnida |
| Past | 거르셨다 georeusyeotda | 거르셨어 georeusyeosseo | 거르셨어요 georeusyeosseoyo | 거르셨습니다 georeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 거르시느냐 georeusineunya | 거르셔 georeusyeo | 거르세요, 거르셔요 georeuseyo, georeusyeoyo | 거르십니까 georeusimnikka |
| Past | 거르셨느냐 georeusyeonneunya | 거르셨어 georeusyeosseo | 거르셨어요 georeusyeosseoyo | 거르셨습니까 georeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 거르시라 georeusira | 거르셔 georeusyeo | 거르세요 georeuseyo | 거르십시오 georeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 거르시겠다 georeusigetda | 거르시겠어 georeusigesseo | 거르시겠어요 georeusigesseoyo | 거르시겠습니다 georeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 거르셔 georeusyeo | 거르셔서 georeusyeoseo | 거르시니 georeusini | 거르시니까 georeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 거르시지만 georeusijiman | 거르시는데 georeusineunde | 거르시더니 georeusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 거르시고 georeusigo | ||||
| Condition | 거르시면 georeusimyeon | 거르셔야 georeusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 거르시려고 georeusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 거르심 georeusim | 거르시기 georeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 거르셨음 georeusyeosseum | 거르셨기 georeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 거르신 georeusin | |||
| Present | 거르시는 georeusineun | ||||
| Future | 거르실 georeusil | ||||
References
- National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (accessed 2017-03-02), “거르다”, in 표준국어대사전