가
(see here for the particle and verbal suffix)
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가각갂갃간갅갆 갇갈갉갊갋갌갍 갎갏감갑값갓갔 강갖갗갘같갚갛 | |
→ 개 |
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Korean
Etymology 1
ㄱ (g) is the first consonant and ㅏ (a) is the first vowel in the ordering of Hangul.
Symbol
가 • (ga)
- The first syllable in the standard ordering of Hangul, the Korean alphabet. Often used to mark the first item of a list or sub-list, equivalent to English (A).
Derived terms
- 가갸시절 (gagyasijeol, “childhood; time when you first learn your letters”)(North Korea)
See also
- 갑(甲) (gap)
Etymology 2
First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᇫ〯 (Yale: kǒz).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)]
(file)
- Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | ga |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | ga |
McCune–Reischauer? | ka |
Yale Romanization? | kā |
Noun
가 • (ga)
- (especially in compounds) border, edge, end
- Antonyms: 속 (sok), 안 (an)
- 강가 ― gangga ― riverside
- 냇가 ― naetga ― streamside
- 우물가 ― umulga ― well side
- (with an implied or explicit possessor) around, nearby, beside
- Synonyms: 옆 (yeop), 주변(周邊) (jubyeon)
- 그 가에 나는 앉았다. ― geu ga-e na-neun anjatda. ― I sat beside it.
- 부처님 가에 꽃들이 만발했다.
- Bucheonim ga-e kkot-deur-i manbal-haetda.
- The flowers were in full bloom around the Buddha.
- brim (of a vessel)
- 참기름을 따를 때 가에 흘리지 않도록 조심해라.
- chamgireum-eul ttareul ttae ga-e heulliji an-torok josimhaera.
- Be careful not to spill on the brim when pouring sesame oil.
Usage notes
- In compounds, it takes the genitive ㅅ (-s-).
Derived terms
- 가없다 (ga'eopda, “to be boundless, limitless”)
- 강가 (江—, gangga, “riverside”)
- 길가 (gilga, “roadside”)
- 난롯가 (煖爐—, nallotga, “fireside”)
- 물가 (mulga, “shore”)
- 바닷가 (badatga, “seaside”)
- 입가 (ipga, “lips”)
- 호숫가 (hosutga, “lakeside, lakeshore”)
Etymology 3
Sino-Korean word from 家 (家, “house, family”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠]
(file)
- Phonetic hangul: [가]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | ga |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | ga |
McCune–Reischauer? | ka |
Yale Romanization? | ka |
Noun
가 • (ga) (hanja 家)
- (formal) family, household
- Synonym: 가족(家族) (gajok)
- (chiefly in compounds) dynasty, lineage, household, House
- 합스부르크가 ― hapseubureukeu-ga ― House of Hapsburg
- 재벌가 ― jaebeol-ga ― corporate family
Suffix
—가 • (-ga) (hanja 家)
- -er, -ist
- Synonyms: 자(者) (ja), 수(手) (su)
- 건축(建築) (geonchuk, “architecture”) + 가(家) (ga) → 건축가(建築家) (geonchukga, “architect”)
- 전략(戰略) (jeollyak, “strategy”) + 가(家) (ga) → 전략가(戰略家) (jeollyakga, “strategist”)
- 자본(資本) (jabon, “capital”) + 가(家) (ga) → 자본가(資本家) (jabon'ga, “capitalist”)
- 애묘(愛猫) (aemyo, “loving cats”) + 가(家) (ga) → 애묘가(愛猫家) (aemyoga, “cat-lover”)
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 家 (家) for Sino-Korean compounds of 가 (家, ga).
Etymology 4
Sino-Korean word from 可 (可, “possible”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)]
(file)
- Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | ga |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | ga |
McCune–Reischauer? | ka |
Yale Romanization? | kā |
Noun
가 • (ga) (hanja 可)
- (chiefly suffixal) allowed; permitted
- Antonym: 불가(不可) (bulga)
- 15세 관람 가 ― sibose gwallam ga ― those of age 15 permitted to watch
- 분할 상환 가 ― bunhal sanghwan ga ― divided reimbursement allowed
- aye, for (in meetings, etc.)
- Antonym: 부(否) (bu)
- 의원 여러분께서는 본 안건에 대해 가인지 부인지를 결정해주시기를 바랍니다.
- uiwon yeoreobun-kkeseo-neun bon an'geon-e daehae ga-inji bu-inji-reul gyeoljeonghae-jusigi-reul baramnida.
- Members of parliament, please decide whether you are for or against on this agenda.
- The lowest score in the five-point grading system in South Korean schools, ultimately abolished in 2012; equivalent to E or F in the Roman alphabet grading scheme.
- Coordinate terms: 수(秀) (su), 우(優) (u), 미(美) (mi), 양(良) (yang)
Derived terms
- 가(可)하다 (gahada, “to be permitted”)
- See the hanja entry at 可 (可) for Sino-Korean compounds of 가 (可, ga).
Etymology 5
Sino-Korean word from 價 (價, “price, value”).
Suffix
—가 • (-ga) (hanja 價)
- price
- (physics, after a numeral) valence
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 價 (價) for Sino-Korean compounds of 가 (價, ga).
Etymology 6
Sino-Korean word from 街 (街, “street”).
Suffix
—가 • (-ga) (hanja 街)
- (in address names) street
- 종로3가 ― jongno-sam-ga ― Jongno, third street
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 街 (街) for Sino-Korean compounds of 가 (街, ga).
Etymology 7
Sino-Korean word from 假 (假, “false”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)]
(file)
- Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | ga |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | ga |
McCune–Reischauer? | ka |
Yale Romanization? | kā |
Prefix
가— • (ga-) (hanja 假)
- false
- temporary
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 假 (假) for Sino-Korean compounds of 가 (假, ga).
Related terms
- 가짜 (gajja, “fake”)
Etymology 8
Sino-Korean word from 加 (加, “to add”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠]
(file)
- Phonetic hangul: [가]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | ga |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | ga |
McCune–Reischauer? | ka |
Yale Romanization? | ka |
Root
가 • (ga) (hanja 加)
- Root of 가하다 (gahada). Rarely used alone.
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 加 (加) for Sino-Korean compounds of 가 (加, ga).
Etymology 9
From Middle Korean 가〮 (Yale: ká); see the main entry for more.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠]
(file)
- Phonetic hangul: [가]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | ga |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | ga |
McCune–Reischauer? | ka |
Yale Romanization? | ka |
Verb
가 • (ga)
- infinitive of 가다 (gada, “to go”): see 가다 (gada), 어 (-eo).
- informal non-polite non-past indicative of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
- informal non-polite non-past interrogative of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
- informal non-polite hortative of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
- informal non-polite imperative of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
- formal non-polite cause/reason of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
Etymology 10
Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters.
Syllable
가 (ga)
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