ꜥḥꜣ

ꜥḥꜣ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑːħɑ/
  • Conventional anglicization: aha

Noun

 m

1. fight, battle

Inflection

Declension of ꜥḥꜣ (masculine)

singular	ꜥḥꜣ
dual	ꜥḥꜣwj
plural	ꜥḥꜣw

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive or transitive) to fight or make war (+ ḥr: for (the sake of); + ḥnꜥ: with, against; + m: by means of, with; + r: against)

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜥḥꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜥḥꜣ, geminated stem: ꜥḥꜣꜣ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ꜥḥꜣ	ꜥḥꜣw, ꜥḥꜣ	ꜥḥꜣt	ꜥḥꜣ	ꜥḥꜣ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ꜥḥꜣ	ḥr ꜥḥꜣ	m ꜥḥꜣ	r ꜥḥꜣ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ꜥḥꜣ.n	ꜥḥꜣw, ꜥḥꜣ	consecutive	ꜥḥꜣ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ꜥḥꜣt
perfective3	ꜥḥꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ꜥḥꜣ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ꜥḥꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ꜥḥꜣ	ꜥḥꜣꜣ	potentialis1	ꜥḥꜣ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ꜥḥꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ꜥḥꜣ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ꜥḥꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2	ꜥḥꜣ	ꜥḥꜣ, ꜥḥꜣw5, ꜥḥꜣy5
imperfective	ꜥḥꜣ, ꜥḥꜣy, ꜥḥꜣw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ꜥḥꜣ, ꜥḥꜣj6, ꜥḥꜣy6	ꜥḥꜣ, ꜥḥꜣw5
prospective	ꜥḥꜣ, ꜥḥꜣtj7	—	ꜥḥꜣtj4, ꜥḥꜣt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥḥꜣ  

ꜥḥꜣ	jḥꜣ

Derived terms

• ꜥḥꜣwtj
• ꜥḥꜣw

Noun

 m

1. (usually in the plural) arrow
2. (in the plural) weapon in general

Inflection

Declension of ꜥḥꜣ (masculine)

singular	ꜥḥꜣ
dual	ꜥḥꜣwj
plural	ꜥḥꜣw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥḥꜣ  

ꜥḥꜣ

Proper noun

 m

1. A serekh name notably borne by Hor-Aha, a pharaoh of the First Dynasty

References

• Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 215.1–216.1, 216.12–216.15
• Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 46
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 83
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 458.
• von Beckerath, Jürgen (1984) Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen, München: Deutscher Kunstverlag, →ISBN, page 46, 171
• British Museum EA 38010
• Petrie, Flinders (1900) The royal tombs of the first dynasty, part I, plates III, X, XI