ꜣṯj

ꜣṯj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑt͡ʃi/
  • Conventional anglicization: atji

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to nurse or rear (a child)
2. (transitive) to take care of, to nourish

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜣṯj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ꜣṯ, geminated stem: ꜣṯṯ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ꜣṯt, ꜣṯj	ꜣṯw, ꜣṯ	ꜣṯt, ꜣṯwt, ꜣṯyt	ꜣṯ	ꜣṯ, ꜣṯy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ꜣṯ8, ꜣṯṯ8	ḥr ꜣṯt, ḥr ꜣṯj	m ꜣṯt, m ꜣṯj	r ꜣṯt, r ꜣṯj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ꜣṯ.n	ꜣṯw, ꜣṯ, ꜣṯy	consecutive	ꜣṯ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ꜣṯt, ꜣṯyt
perfective3	ꜣṯ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ꜣṯ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ꜣṯ, ꜣṯy	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ꜣṯw, ꜣṯ, ꜣṯy	ꜣṯw, ꜣṯ, ꜣṯy	potentialis1	ꜣṯ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ꜣṯ, ꜣṯy	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ꜣṯ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ꜣṯw1, ꜣṯy, ꜣṯ	active + .tj1, .tw2	ꜣṯ	ꜣṯy, ꜣṯ
imperfective	ꜣṯṯ, ꜣṯṯy, ꜣṯṯw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ꜣṯṯ, ꜣṯṯj6, ꜣṯṯy6	ꜣṯṯ, ꜣṯṯw5
prospective	ꜣṯw1, ꜣṯy, ꜣṯ, ꜣṯtj7	—	ꜣṯwtj1 4, ꜣṯtj4, ꜣṯt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣṯj  

ꜣtt	jtt
[Greco-Roman Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]

Derived terms

• ꜣṯyt

References

• Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 23.9
• Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 6
• Allen, James (1984) The Inflection of the Verb in the Pyramid Texts, Malibu, California: Undena Publications, →ISBN, page 568